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Fact sheet about soya bean and groundnut in Ghana

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It is interesting to note that:

  • Quarshie soya bean variety was released in 2003. Yield potential is 2.0-2.4 t/ ha, days to maturity is 110-115 days, resistant to pod shattering (up to 15 per cent shattering), relatively tolerant to low soil P, seed colour is cream, excellent seed quality, good seed storability, high and stable yield across many environments, tolerant to common soy[1]bean pests and diseases, relatively tolerant to low soil P and trap-crop for Striga hermonthica.  It is suitable for Guinea and Sudan Savanna, and transitional zone. It can be processed for oil; can be used as meal for the animal feed industry; can be processed for human consumption and made into products including  soy milk, soy flour, soy protein, tofu and many retail food products.  Soybeans are used also in many non-food (industrial) products.
  • Favour soya bean variety was released in 2012. It has high grain yield up to 3.5t/ha, has high leaf output, has high efficacy with artificial inoculants and it is taller than existing varieties: less losses with mechanical harvester. It is applicable to Guinea and Sudan Savanna, and transitional zone. It produces higher quality soymilk than existing varieties; used for kebab; fixed quantity of biological nitrogen into the soil.

• soybeans
  • Suong-Pungun soya bean variety was released in 2012. Early-maturing (85-92 days) attribute, yield potential is 1.5-1.8 t/ ha, has high protein content (42-45 per cent), resistant to pod shattering (less than 5 per cent), excellent seed quality, good seed storability, high and stable yield across many environments, resistant to drought and tolerant to common soy[1]bean pests and diseases. It is suitable for Guinea and Sudan Savanna, and transitional zone. It can be processed for oil; can be used as meal for the animal feed industry; can be processed for human consumption and made into products including  soy milk, soy flour, soy protein, tofu and many retail food products. Soybeans are used in many non-food (industrial) products.
  • Songda soya bean variety was released in 2012. Maturity period is 110-115 days, yield potential is 1.8- 2.2 t/ ha, pod shattering score: up to 20 per cent, excellent trap-crop for S. hermonthica (as a trap crop) and days to 50 per cent flowering: 45 days. It is applicable to Guinea and Sudan Savanna, and transitional zone. It can be processed for oil; can be used as meal for the animal feed industry; can be processed for human consumption and made into products including soy milk, soy flour, soy protein, tofu and many retail food products.  Soybeans are used in many non-food (industrial) products
  • Afayak soya bean variety was released in 2012. Yield potential is 2.0-2.4 t/ ha, flower colour is purple, plant height is 40-45 cm, it has medium maturity attribute, resistant to pod shattering (up to 8 per cent shattering), above average tolerance to common soybean pests, resistant to pod shattering and has excellent seed quality. It is suitable for Guinea and Sudan Savanna, and transitional zone. It can be processed for oil; can be used as meal for the animal feed industry Processed for human consumption and made into products including soy milk, soy flour, soy protein, tofu and many retail food products.  Soybeans are used in many non-food (industrial) products.
  • Oboshie groundnut variety was released in 2012. Its seed colour is brown and potential yield is 2.6t/H. Oboshie matures from 105-110 days. It is applicable to Savannah, forest-savannah transition zone and semi deciduous forest. It has good flavor, sweet taste, confectionery, etc.
  • Crops Pion groundnut variety was released in 2017. It is high-yielding and its potential yield is 2.8t/ha. Besides, it is tolerant to rosette and other foliar diseases, aflatoxin-tolerant, high oil content, and early-maturing. It is suitable for forest agro ecology. It can be used for making soup, for oil production while crop residues can be used for hay. Also, residue from oil processing is used as an animal feed and as a soil fertiliser.
  • Crops Agbeyeye groundnut variety was released in 2017. Potential yield is 1.9- 2.3t/ha. It matures early, that is, between 90 and 95 days. Have high biomass, tolerant to rosette and other foliar diseases and has high oil content. Crops Agbeyeye is applicable to transition zone and Northern Ghana. It is used for making soup, for oil production while crop residues can be used for hay. Also, residue from oil processing is used as an animal feed and as a soil fertiliser.
  • Crops nkatie (groundnut) variety was released in 2017. Potential yield is between 2.2 and 2.4. It matures early, that is, from 90-95 days. Have high biomass, tolerant to rosette and other foliar diseases, high oil content and bold red seed colour. It is suitable for transition zone and Northern Ghana. It is used for making soup, for oil production and crop residues can be used for hay. Also, residue from oil processing is used as an animal feed and as a soil fertiliser.
  • Nkatesari groundnut variety was released in 2005. It matures in 115 days and has potential yield of 2.2 ton/ ha. Its oil content is 47 per cent, resistant to both early and late leaf spot disease and has pods yield of 500kg/ha. It is applicable to Guinea and Sudan Savanna. Nkatesari is used for groundnut paste, has better resistance to foliar disease, tolerant to Cercospora leaf spot disease and records low percentage of plants infected by rosette virus disease.                             

Source: Manual of Agricultural Technologies
developed by
CSIR, MAG and MoFA
Page 61-63 & 52-54

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Traffic jam on Weija-Kasoa highway

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I experienced something on Monday, June 15, that really frustrated me.  I had to go to the ministries but I could not get up early that day so I decided to pick a taxi and get to the Tuba Junction. 

When I got there I realised that Traffic had built up from the Toll Booth towards Accra.  After a while I got a Taxi and it was when we got to a certain spot on the road, that I realised why there was a traffic jam. 

There is a short stretch of the road where each time it rains heavily, loose material run down the hill onto the road, blocking one side of the road.  Vehicles from Kasoa to Accra are then forced to move into one of the lanes of those going towards Kasoa from Accra. 

The two lane road from Accra to Kasoa becomes a single carriage way.  That was the reason for the traffic jam from the toll booth onwards.

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This has been a perineal problem and yet, no permanent solution has been found till date.  The area falls under Ga South and even though, a new MCE has taken over, the technocrats are still there and so the problem is not new to them.  

There is therefore no excuse for the inability of the Ga South Metropolitan Assembly to resolving the problem on that stretch of the road.  Apart from the Ga South Metropolitan Assembly, another institution that must be held accountable is the Ghana Highways Authority. 

The Highways Authority cannot say they are unaware of this issue.  The fact that the problem falls within the area of responsibility of the Ga South Assembly, does not relieve the Ghana Highways Authority, of their responsibility of ensuring that our highways are maintained in a motorable state at all times. 

A collaboration between the Ghana Highways Authority and The Ga South Municipal Assembly is required for a permanent resolution of the problem.

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There was another traffic jam at a place called Atala about 250 metres to the traffic light at Old Barrier as a result of an issue similar to the one close to the toll booth, that I talked about earlier. 

When we got to Weija junction, we encountered another traffic jam. The cause of this jam was a bad condition of road about 80 metres from the traffic light at Ga South Hospital heading towards Accra.  

Due to the bad nature at that section of the road, vehicles are compelled to slow down resulting in a traffic jam stretching all the way to Weija Junction.  

I started wondering if that short stretch of road cannot be sorted on one Sunday when traffic is usually light.  When we got to the traffic light at Odorkor, there was another issue. 

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When the traffic light shows green, there is a slow down because there is a big pothole or should I say manhole in the outer lane, right at the traffic light.  Vehicles in the outer lane are compelled to swerve into the second lane thereby causing a traffic to slow down and resulting in a traffic jam.

It is very important to take into account the effect of traffic jam on the national economy.  If we are able to assess the value of the loss to the economy of the nation, I believe the issue of traffic jam will be prioritised. 

Imagine persons working at various Government Organisations like Registrar General’s Department, Ghana Ports and Habours Authority, Ghana Revenue Authority, CEPS etc. and lives at Kasoa and whose job is to collect revenue for the state and is held up in traffic. 

Just imagine the effect their lateness to work will have on the economy if you consider the delays in say clearing of goods at the port and as a result traders cannot sell their goods for government to generate the required taxes.

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Let us deal with the traffic jams on our streets to promote economic growth. God bless.

By Laud Kissi-Mensah

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Understanding mortality: Exploring the complexities of human existence

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Mortality is an inherent aspect of life, a universal experience that has sparked philosophical, theological, and scientific inquiry throughout human history.

This article aims to provide a comprehensive and nuanced exploration of mortality, acknowledging the complexity of the topic and the diverse perspectives surrounding it.

The biological imperative

From a biological standpoint, death is a natural part of the life cycle. It serves as a mechanism for the evolution of species, allowing for the passing on of genetic material and the adaptation to environmental changes.

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Evolutionary perspective: Death allows for the recycling of resources, promoting the survival and adaptation of species.

Life span and senescence: Cellular aging and the limitations of biological systems contribute to mortality.

Philosophical and existential perspectives

Existentialism: Emphasises individual freedom and responsibility in the face of mortality.

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Meaning and purpose: The finite nature of life can prompt individuals to seek meaning and purpose.

The human condition: Mortality is a fundamental aspect of the human experience, shaping our perceptions and values.

Cultural and spiritual views

Afterlife and spirituality: Many cultures and religions believe in an afterlife or spiritual continuation.

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Rituals and mourning: Cultural practices surrounding death reflect the significance of mortality in human experience.

Legacy and remembrance: The impact of one’s life can transcend mortality.

Ethical considerations

End-of-life care: Ethical debates surround issues like euthanasia, assisted dying, and palliative care.

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Quality of life: Balancing the value of life with the quality of life is a complex ethical issue.

Resource allocation: Societal decisions about healthcare and resource distribution involve considerations of mortality.

Psychological impact

Grief and loss: The experience of mortality can evoke profound emotional responses.

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Fear and anxiety: The awareness of mortality can lead to existential anxiety.

Appreciation and gratitude: Recognising mortality can foster appreciation for life.

Conclusion

Mortality is a multifaceted aspect of human existence, influencing how we live, relate, and find meaning. Understanding and acknowledging mortality can prompt deeper reflections on life and our place in the world.

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By Robert Ekow Grimmond-Thompson

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