Features
Drug Abuse ….the new normal

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Drug abuse must be curbed
Ghana, known for its vibrant and lively youth, now faces crisis as drug abuse takes the centre stage.
In recent years, drug abuse has seeped into the very fabric of society, with the younger generation gripped by its pervasive influence. Parents, educators, and policymakers alike are sounding the alarm as the new normal threatens the future of the Ghanaian youth.
In this in-depth article, we shall delve into the root causes of this epidemic, explore the various substances fuelling the trend, and examine the dire consequences it has on the nation’s most valuable asset – “The Youth”.
Drug abuse is commonly described as the excessive and detrimental utilsation of various substances, which encompass both illegal drugs and the inappropriate usage of prescription medications. It entails the repetitive and compulsive intake of these substances beyond their intended purposes, resulting in adverse effects on the person’s physical and mental health, interpersonal connections and general welfare.
The rise in drug abuse has caught the attention of many. Something that once served as a gathering for bonding and joyous experience now serve as platforms for risky drug trials. This once-hidden issue has emerged from obscurity, posing a profound challenge to the core values of the Ghanaian society.
Factors influencing the epidemic
Various factors have contributed to the rise of drug abuse among the Ghanaian youth, casting a cloud of uncertainty over the nation’s future.
One of the many factors is the socio-economic differences in society. The widening gap between the rich and poor has left many disillusioned and desperate, driving them towards drugs as a coping mechanism for their struggles.
Also, the rapid urbanisation of Ghana has led to a sense of disconnection from traditional values, pushing the youth towards drugs as a means of belonginess and acceptance.
Another factor that has a high influence on the epidemic is the influence of the media. The glorification of drug culture in popular music, movies, and social media has permeated the psyche of impressionable minds, normalising dangerous behaviour.
The lack of mental health support is also a factor as it has forced some individuals to turn to drugs as self-medication, exacerbating the issue. The glamour of substances as an escape from life’s hardships has captivated the younger generation, leading to a notable rise in usage.
Substances in Vogue
Variety of substances has gained popularity among Ghana’s young generation, each carrying its own appeal and dangers. Some of these drugs such as marijuana which is commonly referred to as “wee” or “ganja,” has medicinal benefits and easily availability thus making it the preferred drug for many.
The abuse of tramadol, a painkiller has surged due to its numbing effects, leading to addiction and severe health problems.
Codeine Cough Syrup which is often mixed with soda or energy drinks and known as “lean” or “purple drank”, has become a hazardous trend among the youth, resulting in health risks and addiction.
Shisha also known as “hookah” has gained popularity among the Ghanaian youth as a social and recreational activity. Flavoured tobacco, often in various appealing flavours, is smoked using a water pipe. Despite the perception of being less harmful than cigarettes, shisha smoking still poses health risks, including nicotine addiction and exposure to harmful chemicals released during the smoking process.
Consequences of the New Normal
As the drug abuse epidemic becomes the new norm among the Ghanaian youth, the effects reverberate far and wide, casting a dark shadow over individuals and the nation as a whole.
The long-term abuse of drugs takes a devastating toll on physical and mental health.
Drug Users and abusers face increased risks of chronic diseases, respiratory issues, and mental disorders. The burden on the healthcare system escalates as treatment and rehabilitation demand more resources, hindering the nation’s ability to provide quality healthcare to all.
Drug abuse again, significantly disrupts cognitive abilities, affecting academic performance among the youth. Diminished focus, memory lapses, and impaired decision-making hinder their potential to excel in education. Consequently, the future workforce faces diminished productivity and struggles to contribute meaningfully to the nation’s development.
The pursuit of money to sustain drug habits propels some youth towards criminal activities. Engaging in theft, robbery, or drug-related offenses becomes a desperate means to fuel their addiction. The vicious cycle of crime and violence further destabiliszes communities, undermining the safety and well-being of all citizens.
With a growing population of unproductive and unhealthy individuals, Ghana is likely to face economic challenges. Drug abuse depletes the workforce’s potential, limiting economic growth and prosperity. Increased dependence on social welfare systems strains government resources, diverting funds that could have been invested in vital developmental projects.
Addressing the Crises
To combat the pressing issue of substance addiction, a comprehensive and multifaceted approach is necessary. Drawing upon the insights of experts, healthcare professionals, and support groups, the following strategies emerge as key elements in addressing the crisis.
Medications such as Methadone, Buprenorphine, Naltrexone, and Lofexidine play a vital role in moderating withdrawal symptoms during opioid addiction treatment. However, it is crucial to conduct thorough investigations and involve specialists to tailor treatment plans to individual needs, as certain conditions may require special attention.
Also, Psychotherapy including evidence-based approaches such as Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), are essential components of addiction treatment. These therapies help individuals understand and manage triggers, develop coping mechanisms, and promote behavioural change.
Another element in managing the crisis is Detoxification which involves managing withdrawal symptoms while aiming for abstinence. This process is guided by the principle of cross-tolerance, wherein one addictive substance is replaced with another and gradually withdrawn. Regular follow-up and monitoring of individuals with substance use disorders are crucial to track treatment progress, identify necessary adjustments, and provide ongoing support.
Leveraging local resources and support groups is integral to the recovery journey. In Ghana, organisations like the Hopeful Way Foundation and the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health provide vital support to individuals and families affected by addiction. The Mental Health Authority also plays a crucial role in providing resources and guidance. Support groups also provide a sense of community, understanding, and encouragement, facilitating the recovery process for those grappling with addiction.
Conclusion
The consequences of the drug abuse epidemic in Ghana are evident and demand immediate attention. As a nation, we must confront this issue with unwavering resolve and solidarity. Intensively educating the youth about the risks of drug abuse, ensuring easily accessible rehabilitation services, strengthening law enforcement, and prioritising mental health support are crucial measures to combat this pressing crisis. Additionally, with the recent passing of the law legalising cannabis for medicinal use, there is the need to monitor its potential impact on drug use trends.
Addressing the growing acceptance of drug abuse will guide Ghana towards a brighter and healthier future for its youth and the entire nation. By joining forces, we can rekindle hope, resilience, and prosperity for generations to come.
By Josephine Nyorkor Ntreh
Level 300 student, Ghana
Institute of Journalism (GIJ)
Features
Trigger-happiness and the human liver

THE POLICE force has produced some of the country’s best dancers, but when it comes to shooting, I cannot vouch for all of Peter Nanfuri’s men. Most of them are excellent marksmen, but as for some, they whimsically believe that a warning shot must be targeted at a human jaw to make it effective. The shot must warn the jaw not to misbehave.
Coming back to dancing, I must stand at ease and doff my hat to the police force. I do not know whether Honourable Peter dances stylishly. But I have attended at least two parties organised by policemen and I was doubly impressed by the rare showmanship of inspectors, superintendents, commissioners, constables and all. I called a corporal friend aside and asked whether dancing was part of the syllabus at Police College.
Indeed, I was overwhelmed, even awe-inspired at the high quality of individual choreographic spins, jerks, twists and turns. As the climax approached at one such party, a sergeant, determined to steal the show, almost ‘took to flight’ in one of Sıkaman’s most celebrated choreographic exhibitions. Virtually airborne, he combined traditional dance styles with Pentecostal boogie and ended up break-dancing, triggering off a standing ovation.
But it was a lady corporal who finally sent the crowd into a frenzy. She did not only belly-dance; her body was vibrating as if it had been connected to electricity. It was a marvel. I have never been so much impressed in life.
Actually, I do not know why police staff do not contest in national dance competitions. They can have a try at it, why not? Just like journalists planning to try their hands at boxing part-time, to supplement their income.
We’ve got some pen-pushers whom you could mistake for fierce welter-weights or formidable super-featherweight, Azumah Nelson type. We are also privileged to have a few southpaws and I’m thinking about getting into the heavyweight division and ask Kofi Coomson to be my sparring mate. The only problem is that I can’t guarantee the safety of his ribs, taking into consideration that he is not quite macho.
He’d have to ‘beef up’ before we meet.
Yes, returning to the palaver of the police, I must say unreservedly that some bad nuts are embarrassing the force. It is for very good reasons that the Police Administration is about to institute a special judicial tribunal to try its personnel who resort to rampant and careless use of firearms, to the extent that a warning shot into the air can mysteriously wind up someone’s liver.
On many occasions, I have been surprised because the police are well-trained and remember they once won a shooting contest, they beat the army and navy to second and third places. So how come that some of them mishandle weapons so childishly as to cause injury when there should be no cause for it?
The Inspector-General of Police’s embarrassment is evinced in his words. He observes that various accidents resulting from now indiscriminate “stray” bullets and warning shot give the impression that the police aren’t properly, trained in weapons handling.
“Members of the public have become so aggrieved and intolerant that they are not even prepared to listen to official explanations on how the accidents happened, “he said.
Well, until the police sort themselves out as to those who are hopelessly incompetent in handling weapons aim who are not, I do not think it would be prudent to make policemen use live ammunitions in public unless the situation really demands it. Other means of subduing recalcitrant are available – rubber bullets, blank shots, tear gas, etc.
When tear gas was recently used at Legon during a students’ demonstration, it was quite effective in dispersing them. I didn’t know student could run that fast on empty stomachs. Some did not eat breakfast before joining the demo, but when the tear gas came, they exhibited excellent footwork, taking off in Olympic fashion, Bravo!
In any case, the topic cannot be exhausted without reflecting on another aspect of the IGP’s speech at the opening of a refresher course for Police Inspectors. He noted that even if a police Officer suffers any form of death at the hands of a criminal in the course of protecting life and property, the tragedy of the policeman’s death does not evoke any sympathy whatsoever from the public.
I think that is a good point to ponder, and it brings into question the idea of self-defense on the part of policemen. Should a policeman, for instance, kill a criminal who is out to cause harm or death to him? It needs to be debated because both the policeman and the dangerous criminal have the right to life.
Anyhow, the embarrassment being caused to the IGP by some careless policeman is well expressed. The problem is that when a policeman fires a warming shot that causes injury, people do not blame only the policeman. They also blame the government. It is just like someone who blamed the government when his mother-in-law slapped him hard in the eye. I don’t know whether he wanted the government to receive the slap on his behalf.
At any rate, customs officers who are also trigger-happy and misuse weapons in the performance of their duties will be sanctioned. In fact, they’ll be sacked! Sounds deterring isn’t it?
This article was first published on Saturday November 14, 1998
Features
Migrant health, wellbeing in Finland

Today, I focus on the theme of mental health and wellbeing among Ghanaian migrants in Finland, a move away from the topic of personalities or groups and their accomplishments within the Ghanaian community in Finland that I have been writing on.
In recent times, I have been thinking about the mental health of Ghanaian (and other) migrant parents’ social environments and the impact on their children’s wellbeing in Finland.
According to research, childhood disadvantage is associated with adult psychological distress, although the role of behavioural risk factors around it may be unclear.
Mental health is a huge problem in the world, according to the World Health Organisation (WHO). Studies have also shown that maternal, paternal and parental distress (i.e. both maternal and paternal distress) are associated with reduced linear growth of the children.
When things go bad, social child welfare interventions ensure that children are taken away (child removals) from the parent or parents for safe keeping.
In Finland, studies have examined how behavioural risk factors mediate the effects of childhood disadvantage on adult psychological distress. There is a correlation between parent and infant psychotherapy on maternal mental health and psychological functioning and children’s welfare. The question is: what is the situation with Ghanaian migrants and their health in Finland?
The focus of NGOs and migrant associations
The World Health Organisation (WHO) defines health as “a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” (see www.who.int).
Finland has a very good healthcare delivery system and social services accessible to all residents in the country. Many migrants, including those in the Ghanaian community, are aware of these opportunities and are expected to take advantage of such chances.
As I wrote some time ago, a healthy migrant community is beneficial to the society as a whole. In Finland, public agencies, migrant associations and other non-governmental organisations (NGOs) have been giving health information in various channels— webinars, mass media (radio, TV, as well as the new media and others). Such actions are very helpful to the people.
It has been pointed out that factors that improve mental health and wellbeing must be supported. Migrants’ mental and general health or wellbeing are affected by many factors, including cultural ideas of health, illnesses, and the prevention, treatment and symptoms of illnesses (see www.thl.fi).
Advocacy by the civil society sector
I have recently been making inquiries about migrants’ health generally and wellbeing in Finland. Many people see the need for advocacy, to intensify education and create more awareness about health and wellbeing of migrants in Finland.
NGOs and other organisations as part of the civil society sector play a crucial role in supporting migrant health in Finland, completing public services by offering legal advice, mental health support, and specialized services for vulnerable groups. Such NGOs and social groups, including migrant associations, offer specialized support for migrant women, while others are involved in activities that address social exclusion issues that impact health.
Research and other reports indicate that NGOs and other social institutions advocate for the involvement of individuals and communities in health decision-making. It has been pointed out that migrants’ involvement in health decision-making requires explicit national policies that are implemented evenly across policy-making.
Integration
According to the Finnish health department, health and wellbeing are an important part of the integration process. Hence, it is accepted that factors to improve health and wellbeing must be supported.
Generally, migrant associations help the health authorities and formally create awareness among their members and other migrants, usually in collaboration with some Finnish institutions, and are thus an important tool for several migrants to be positively active and to get their interest and concerns heard.
As I wrote previously, the role of migrant associations acting as bridge-builders for the integration and inclusion of migrants through participation in the decision making process and by acting as a representative voice is highly appreciated in Finland.
The social media outlets have become an important means for disseminating information and it could be a key medium through which migrant groups or associations and other institutions could educate people.
A positive outlook on the Finnish healthcare system
As I keep saying, Ghanaian and other African migrants in Finland generally have a positive mind and hope for the best in life. They know that the Finnish healthcare system, one of the best in the world, has a comprehensive healthcare service that caters for every resident in the country.
Migrants know that as residents they can count on and readily access good healthcare service delivery in Finland. All they need to do is to go for regular medical checks and counselling since early diagnosis is key in the treatment of any illness. Adhering to treatment at the hospital is the key. Assigning spiritual interpretations could be detrimental. Thank you!
GHANA MATTERS column appears fortnightly. Written in simple, layman’s terms, it concentrates on matters about Ghana and beyond. It focuses on everyday life issues relating to the social, cultural, economic, religious, political, health, sports, youth, gender, etc. It strives to remind us all that Ghana comes first. The column also takes a candid look at the meanings and repercussions of our actions, especially those things we take for granted or even ignore. There are key Ghanaian values we should uphold rather than disregard with impunity. We should not overlook the obvious. We need to search for the hidden or deeply embedded values and try to project them.
With Dr Perpetual Crentsil




