Drug abuse must be curbed

Ghana, known for its vibrant and lively youth, now faces crisis as drug abuse takes the centre stage.

In recent years, drug abuse has seeped into the very fabric of so­ciety, with the younger generation gripped by its pervasive influence. Parents, educators, and policymakers alike are sounding the alarm as the new normal threatens the future of the Ghanaian youth.

In this in-depth article, we shall delve into the root causes of this ep­idemic, explore the various substanc­es fuelling the trend, and examine the dire consequences it has on the nation’s most valuable asset – “The Youth”.

Drug abuse is commonly described as the excessive and detrimental util­sation of various substances, which encompass both illegal drugs and the inappropriate usage of prescription medications. It entails the repeti­tive and compulsive intake of these substances beyond their intended purposes, resulting in adverse effects on the person’s physical and mental health, interpersonal connections and general welfare.

The rise in drug abuse has caught the attention of many. Something that once served as a gathering for bonding and joyous experience now serve as platforms for risky drug trials. This once-hidden issue has emerged from obscurity, posing a profound challenge to the core val­ues of the Ghanaian society.

Factors influencing the epidemic

Various factors have contributed to the rise of drug abuse among the Ghanaian youth, casting a cloud of uncertainty over the nation’s future.

One of the many factors is the so­cio-economic differences in society. The widening gap between the rich and poor has left many disillusioned and desperate, driving them towards drugs as a coping mechanism for their struggles.

Also, the rapid urbanisation of Gha­na has led to a sense of disconnec­tion from traditional values, pushing the youth towards drugs as a means of belonginess and acceptance.

Another factor that has a high influence on the epidemic is the influence of the media. The glorifica­tion of drug culture in popular music, movies, and social media has perme­ated the psyche of impressionable minds, normalising dangerous be­haviour.

The lack of mental health sup­port is also a factor as it has forced some individuals to turn to drugs as self-medication, exacerbating the issue. The glamour of substances as an escape from life’s hardships has captivated the younger generation, leading to a notable rise in usage.

Substances in Vogue

Variety of substances has gained popularity among Ghana’s young gen­eration, each carrying its own appeal and dangers. Some of these drugs such as marijuana which is commonly referred to as “wee” or “ganja,” has medicinal benefits and easily avail­ability thus making it the preferred drug for many.

The abuse of tramadol, a painkiller has surged due to its numbing ef­fects, leading to addiction and severe health problems.

Codeine Cough Syrup which is often mixed with soda or energy drinks and known as “lean” or “purple drank”, has become a hazardous trend among the youth, resulting in health risks and addiction.

Shisha also known as “hookah” has gained popularity among the Gha­naian youth as a social and recre­ational activity. Flavoured tobacco, often in various appealing flavours, is smoked using a water pipe. Despite the perception of being less harmful than cigarettes, shisha smoking still poses health risks, including nicotine addiction and exposure to harmful chemicals released during the smok­ing process.

Consequences of the New Normal

As the drug abuse epidemic be­comes the new norm among the Gha­naian youth, the effects reverberate far and wide, casting a dark shadow over individuals and the nation as a whole.

The long-term abuse of drugs takes a devastating toll on physical and mental health.

Drug Users and abusers face increased risks of chronic diseases, respiratory issues, and mental disor­ders. The burden on the healthcare system escalates as treatment and rehabilitation demand more resourc­es, hindering the nation’s ability to provide quality healthcare to all.

Drug abuse again, significantly disrupts cognitive abilities, affecting academic performance among the youth. Diminished focus, memory lapses, and impaired decision-mak­ing hinder their potential to excel in education. Consequently, the future workforce faces diminished produc­tivity and struggles to contribute meaningfully to the nation’s develop­ment.

The pursuit of money to sustain drug habits propels some youth towards criminal activities. Engaging in theft, robbery, or drug-related offenses becomes a desperate means to fuel their addiction. The vicious cycle of crime and violence further destabiliszes communities, undermin­ing the safety and well-being of all citizens.

With a growing population of unproductive and unhealthy individu­als, Ghana is likely to face economic challenges. Drug abuse depletes the workforce’s potential, limiting economic growth and prosperity. Increased dependence on social welfare systems strains government resources, diverting funds that could have been invested in vital develop­mental projects.

Addressing the Crises

To combat the pressing issue of substance addiction, a comprehen­sive and multifaceted approach is necessary. Drawing upon the insights of experts, healthcare professionals, and support groups, the following strategies emerge as key elements in addressing the crisis.

Medications such as Methadone, Buprenorphine, Naltrexone, and Lofexidine play a vital role in mod­erating withdrawal symptoms during opioid addiction treatment. Howev­er, it is crucial to conduct thorough investigations and involve specialists to tailor treatment plans to individ­ual needs, as certain conditions may require special attention.

Also, Psychotherapy including evi­dence-based approaches such as Dia­lectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), are essential components of addic­tion treatment. These therapies help individuals understand and manage triggers, develop coping mechanisms, and promote behavioural change.

Another element in managing the crisis is Detoxification which involves managing withdrawal symptoms while aiming for abstinence. This process is guided by the principle of cross-tolerance, wherein one ad­dictive substance is replaced with another and gradually withdrawn. Regular follow-up and monitoring of individuals with substance use disor­ders are crucial to track treatment progress, identify necessary adjust­ments, and provide ongoing support.

Leveraging local resources and support groups is integral to the recovery journey. In Ghana, organi­sations like the Hopeful Way Founda­tion and the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health provide vital support to individuals and families affect­ed by addiction. The Mental Health Authority also plays a crucial role in providing resources and guidance. Support groups also provide a sense of community, understanding, and encouragement, facilitating the recovery process for those grappling with addiction.

Conclusion

The consequences of the drug abuse epidemic in Ghana are evident and demand immediate attention. As a nation, we must confront this issue with unwavering resolve and solidar­ity. Intensively educating the youth about the risks of drug abuse, ensur­ing easily accessible rehabilitation services, strengthening law enforce­ment, and prioritising mental health support are crucial measures to combat this pressing crisis. Addition­ally, with the recent passing of the law legalising cannabis for medicinal use, there is the need to monitor its potential impact on drug use trends.

Addressing the growing acceptance of drug abuse will guide Ghana to­wards a brighter and healthier future for its youth and the entire nation. By joining forces, we can rekindle hope, resilience, and prosperity for generations to come.

By Josephine Nyorkor Ntreh

Level 300 student, Ghana

Institute of Journalism (GIJ)