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Damba: The festival that unites Northern Ghana

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Sagnarigu chief, Naa Yakubu Abdulaia, on a horseback during the dance
Sagnarigu chief, Naa Yakubu Abdulaia, on a horseback during the dance

Few festivals in Ghana carry the weight of history, colour, and uni­ty like the Damba festival.

What began centuries ago as a religious commemoration has today blossomed into the largest cultural festival in Northern Ghana, celebrated across the Northern, Savannah, North East, Upper East, and Upper West regions.

Ya-na during the celebration

From the palaces of Dagbon, Mamprugu, and Nanumba, Damba resonates with the sound of drums, praise-singers, and the spectacle of tradition.

Its significance has even transcend­ed borders, drawing Ghanaians and foreign admirers to international editions held in Germany, the United States, and the United Kingdom.

A woman dancing at the celebration

The name Damba is rooted in the Dagbani language, though it appears in other tongues, Damma in Mampruli.

Observed in the third month of the Dagomba calendar, which coincides with Rabia al-Awwal in the Islamic calendar, Damba was originally cele­brated to mark the birth and naming of Prophet Muhammad.

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Over time, it has evolved into a grand festival celebrating chieftaincy, kinship, and the resilience of Ghana’s northern kingdoms.

A chief dancing Damba in Yendi, Northern Region

The festival unfolds in three major stages that is Somo Damba, Naa Dam­ba, and the grand Belkulsi or farewell procession. In the early days, the Yila Bohambu, or nightly musical rehears­als, fill the palaces with song.

Women of the royal courts lead these performances, keeping alive the traditional chants and rhythms that set the tone for the celebrations. The Somo Damba is a solemn time of prayer, drumming, and dignified dancing.

It is followed by the youthful exuberance of the Binchera Damba, where young men and women take to palace grounds in worn yet stylish smocks, showcasing creativity and spirit in a torn couture display.

Nyab Yakubu Andani Abdulai, Yoo-Naa, seated on a horseback during the Damba festival in Savelugu

Another revered rite, the Shinkaa­fa Gahimbu (picking of rice), sees clerics, led by the Yidan Moli at the Gbewaa Palace, offering symbolic rituals of blessing and prosperity.

The Nahu Glibu, or rounding of the cow, performed by chiefs, demon­strates wealth, unity, and the conti­nuity of life. But it is the Naa Damba, the King’s Damba that truly crowns the festival.

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Here, the atmosphere reaches its peak: chiefs ride ma­jestically on horseback, praise-singers proclaim ancestral glories, and the air explodes with musketry from warriors, signalling strength, protection, and bravery.

One of the most breath­taking spectacles of Damba is the procession of the queens. Adorned in regal cloths and glittering orna­ments, they gracefully car­ry golden-coloured bowls, abolition cans, utensils, sandals, and animal skins, the very seat and symbols of authority for the chiefs.

A young man displaying a live python as part of the celebration

Each item tells a story, each step a reminder of the sacred duty queens play in preserving heritage and conti­nuity.

Their slow, elegant movement is met with admiration from the gath­ered crowds, reinforcing the balance between royalty and community. No Damba is complete without the vi­brant dances that fill the courtyards.

The housing dance, performed with synchronised grace, captures the essence of belonging, while the war­riors’ displays, accompanied by fierce drumming and bursts of musketry in the skies is to celebrate resilience and courage.

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These performances not only enter­tain but also remind communities of their history, values, and collective identity.

The festival’s climax, Belkulsi, bids farewell in a grand procession. Fami­lies exchange visits, gifts are shared, and friendships renewed.

People displaying with a horse

Streets and palace grounds explode with colour, sound, and movement, leaving behind memories that last until the next Damba.

From Gonja, Dagbon, Mamprugu, Wali and Nanumba, Damba has re­mained a symbol of identity and unity.

Its international editions in Cologne, New York, and London highlight the festival’s growing role as a cultural ambassador, projecting Ghana’s north­ern traditions to the world stage.

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Damba is a living archive of history, an affirmation of heritage, and a cel­ebration of the bond between people and tradition.

In its rhythm, regalia, and rituals, one sees not only the past but also the promise of continuity for genera­tions to come.

 From Geoffrey Buta, Yendi

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ProofreadChildren exposed to arts, culture early develops strong intellectual, communication skills – Acting E/R CNC Director

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Children from Trinity Royal dancing the dipo dance

Toddlers from various kindergarten schools in the Eastern Region on Tuesday thrilled patrons with impressive cultural performances at this year’s Kindergarten festival organised by the Centre for National Culture (CNC) in Koforidua.

The children from the participating schools recited poetry, staged drama performances and performed a variety of traditional dances, including Kete, Kpatse, Borborbor and Apatampa, under the theme: ‘Little Stars: Celebrating Our Culture for Future Impact.’

Participating schools included Love Community Kindergarten, Koforidua Grammar School, Solomon School, Charles Wesley Academy, Unique Kiddie Care, Alpha Hills School, Assemblies of God Kindergarten, Brentford Academy, Liberty Academy, Berlin Academy, Bolders Journey School and New Dawn School.

The Acting Eastern Regional Director of the CNC, Dr Salamatu Alhassan, said research had shown that children exposed to arts and culture from an early age developed strong intellectual and communication skills.

“These toddlers participating in this festival have the potential to be ahead of their peers because training in arts and culture broadens their minds and enhances their intelligence.

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Dr Alhassan said, considering the numerous benefits of arts and cultural education, it was important to nurture children from an early age to become future ambassadors of Ghana’s rich cultural heritage and contributors to the country’s creative economy.

She said the CNC was mandated to promote Ghana’s arts and culture and assured that such festivals would continue to be organised regularly to provide more children with opportunities to develop their talents.

Dr Alhassan encouraged parents and teachers to support children to participate in cultural festivals and related activities to help build their confidence, creativity and appreciation of Ghanaian culture.

The Eastern Regional Director of the Department of Children, Mr Emmanuel Nana Osei, said exposing young children to Ghanaian culture through such festivals was essential because it helped them develop a strong sense of identity.

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He said as future leaders, children needed to understand their cultural roots to develop a sense of belonging and appreciate the need to contribute meaningfully to national development.

Mr Osei also urged parents to encourage their children to participate in poetry, drama and traditional dance activities to nurture their talents and preserve Ghana’s cultural heritage.

From Ama Tekyiwaa Ampadu Agyeman, Koforidua

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Adolescence is like an egg, handle it carefully …Adolescents urged

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Madam Rosemary Addeh interacting with a section of the school children

Adolescents have been urged to treat their teenage years with caution, with adolescence being compared to ‘an egg’ that can crack instantly from a single mistake. 

This came up during an engagement with adolescent boys and girls at Ave-Dakpa in the Akatsi North District under the project, ‘The Clinic Is Yours,’ an open day clinic, to invite adolescents and the youth to visit health facilities for free access to youth-friendly services.  

It was organised by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), the UN’s sexual and reproductive health agency in collaboration with the Planned Parenthood Association of Ghana (PPAG), which is also a leading volunteer-supported non-governmental organisation, focused on providing comprehensive Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR) information and services to young people in Ghana. 

Madam Rosemary Addeh, the Midwife and In-charge of the Ave-Dakpa Health Centre, who facilitated the engagement, said adolescence was a period of rapid physical and brain development between childhood and adulthood, typically spanning the ages between 10 and 19, involving the search for social independence. 

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“Adolescence really is as fragile as an egg, and a single mistake can alter a young person’s future instantly.”  

She explained that curiosity, peer pressure, and the desire to fit in made teenagers vulnerable and that the “egg once broken” by a crisis such as an unplanned pregnancy, the effects on a young person’s education, health and future were difficult to reverse. 

The session highlighted the physical, mental, and social toll of teenage pregnancy, with other health risks cited including anaemia, malnutrition, early labour, and low birth-weight babies, because of immature physical development.  

She said mentally, young mothers faced stress, depression and stigma, while socially many dropped out of school and faced long-term financial hardship. 

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To “handle the egg safely,” adolescents were advised to practice open communication with parents, seek comprehensive reproductive health education, set clear life goals, and build self- esteem to resist risky situations.

“When you access phone, use it for something profitable not pornographic materials. Also, access youth-friendly services. Get close to health workers on any information on SRHR, do not ask around to be deceived or misinformed as that can land you in trouble,” Madam Addeh advised. 

Mr Delali Alex Dwomoh, the Physician Assistant and In-charge of Ave-Dakpa Health Centre, also addressed the group, assuring adolescents that health workers would not judge them. 

“Take whatever you were told seriously. We will not be judgmental but will help you as young people to reach your full potential,” he assured them.   

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Mr Emmanuel Christopher Makam, the PPAG focal person for UNFPA Adolescent Girls Empowerment Project and Gender-based Violence Scale Up project for Volta Region, said the engagement formed part of ongoing efforts to equip adolescents with knowledge and support systems to navigate adolescence safely.–GNA

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