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Damba: The festival that unites Northern Ghana

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Sagnarigu chief, Naa Yakubu Abdulaia, on a horseback during the dance
Sagnarigu chief, Naa Yakubu Abdulaia, on a horseback during the dance

Few festivals in Ghana carry the weight of history, colour, and uni­ty like the Damba festival.

What began centuries ago as a religious commemoration has today blossomed into the largest cultural festival in Northern Ghana, celebrated across the Northern, Savannah, North East, Upper East, and Upper West regions.

Ya-na during the celebration

From the palaces of Dagbon, Mamprugu, and Nanumba, Damba resonates with the sound of drums, praise-singers, and the spectacle of tradition.

Its significance has even transcend­ed borders, drawing Ghanaians and foreign admirers to international editions held in Germany, the United States, and the United Kingdom.

A woman dancing at the celebration

The name Damba is rooted in the Dagbani language, though it appears in other tongues, Damma in Mampruli.

Observed in the third month of the Dagomba calendar, which coincides with Rabia al-Awwal in the Islamic calendar, Damba was originally cele­brated to mark the birth and naming of Prophet Muhammad.

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Over time, it has evolved into a grand festival celebrating chieftaincy, kinship, and the resilience of Ghana’s northern kingdoms.

A chief dancing Damba in Yendi, Northern Region

The festival unfolds in three major stages that is Somo Damba, Naa Dam­ba, and the grand Belkulsi or farewell procession. In the early days, the Yila Bohambu, or nightly musical rehears­als, fill the palaces with song.

Women of the royal courts lead these performances, keeping alive the traditional chants and rhythms that set the tone for the celebrations. The Somo Damba is a solemn time of prayer, drumming, and dignified dancing.

It is followed by the youthful exuberance of the Binchera Damba, where young men and women take to palace grounds in worn yet stylish smocks, showcasing creativity and spirit in a torn couture display.

Nyab Yakubu Andani Abdulai, Yoo-Naa, seated on a horseback during the Damba festival in Savelugu

Another revered rite, the Shinkaa­fa Gahimbu (picking of rice), sees clerics, led by the Yidan Moli at the Gbewaa Palace, offering symbolic rituals of blessing and prosperity.

The Nahu Glibu, or rounding of the cow, performed by chiefs, demon­strates wealth, unity, and the conti­nuity of life. But it is the Naa Damba, the King’s Damba that truly crowns the festival.

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Here, the atmosphere reaches its peak: chiefs ride ma­jestically on horseback, praise-singers proclaim ancestral glories, and the air explodes with musketry from warriors, signalling strength, protection, and bravery.

One of the most breath­taking spectacles of Damba is the procession of the queens. Adorned in regal cloths and glittering orna­ments, they gracefully car­ry golden-coloured bowls, abolition cans, utensils, sandals, and animal skins, the very seat and symbols of authority for the chiefs.

A young man displaying a live python as part of the celebration

Each item tells a story, each step a reminder of the sacred duty queens play in preserving heritage and conti­nuity.

Their slow, elegant movement is met with admiration from the gath­ered crowds, reinforcing the balance between royalty and community. No Damba is complete without the vi­brant dances that fill the courtyards.

The housing dance, performed with synchronised grace, captures the essence of belonging, while the war­riors’ displays, accompanied by fierce drumming and bursts of musketry in the skies is to celebrate resilience and courage.

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These performances not only enter­tain but also remind communities of their history, values, and collective identity.

The festival’s climax, Belkulsi, bids farewell in a grand procession. Fami­lies exchange visits, gifts are shared, and friendships renewed.

People displaying with a horse

Streets and palace grounds explode with colour, sound, and movement, leaving behind memories that last until the next Damba.

From Gonja, Dagbon, Mamprugu, Wali and Nanumba, Damba has re­mained a symbol of identity and unity.

Its international editions in Cologne, New York, and London highlight the festival’s growing role as a cultural ambassador, projecting Ghana’s north­ern traditions to the world stage.

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Damba is a living archive of history, an affirmation of heritage, and a cel­ebration of the bond between people and tradition.

In its rhythm, regalia, and rituals, one sees not only the past but also the promise of continuity for genera­tions to come.

 From Geoffrey Buta, Yendi

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2026 Ga Homowo festival peaceful –Nae Wulomo

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The Nae Wulomo, Nuumo Akwaa Mensah III, has described this year’s Homowo festival of the Ga Mashie people as one of the most peaceful and well-observed celebrations in recent years.

According to him, the festival was conducted without the tensions and disagreements that had characterised previous celebrations, particularly among chiefs, priests and other traditional groups.

“This year’s Homowo has been one of the peaceful Homowo celebrations I have had so far. It has also been one of the well-observed Homowo celebrations,” the Nae Wulomo told The Spectator.

He said the various traditional rites associated with Homowo had been duly observed, including the lifting of the ban on drumming and noise-making and other ceremonies leading up to the main celebration.

This year’s celebration also marked 200 years since the Katamanso War, with renewed emphasis on preserving and protecting Ga culture and history, particularly among the youth.

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Nae Wulomo said the focus on the youth was necessary because of the increasing influence of foreign cultures and lifestyles on the younger generation.

He said traditional authorities had therefore adopted approaches that combined cultural activities with social events to attract more young people to the celebration.

According to him, activities such as Womba and other social events had helped to generate interest among the youth while exposing them to important aspects of Ga culture and tradition.

He noted that some of the youth-led processions and cultural displays provided an opportunity for young people to learn about traditional practices and understand their significance.

Nae Wulomo also used the occasion to caution the youth against drug abuse, describing substance abuse as a serious threat to the future of young people.

By Esinam Jemima Kuatsinu

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‘Combine science, religion to protect environment’

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Prof Debrah

‎Many people have heard or even repeated the popular claim that because God gave mankind dominion over the earth, humans are free to consume anything they find in nature.

‎However, the Pro Vice-Chancellor of the University of Environment and Sustainable Development (UESD), Professor Edward Wiafe Debrah, says this widely held belief was a misconception that has contributed to the destruction of the environment and the depletion of natural resources.

‎Speaking on the relationship between religion, science and environmental conservation, Prof. Debrah explained to The Spectator in an exclusive interview that many Christians often cited Genesis 1:28, where God blessed humanity and instructed them to “be fruitful and multiply, fill the earth and subdue it; have dominion over the fish of the sea, the birds of the air and every living thing that moves on the earth.”

‎According to him, the verse had been wrongly interpreted to mean that people have unrestricted permission to consume every animal and natural resource on earth.

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‎”The Bible did not ask mankind to destroy or exhaust creation. Dominion is about responsible leadership and stewardship, not exploitation,” he stressed.

‎He said God entrusted creation to humanity with the expectation that it would be managed wisely and preserved for future generations.

‎”Stewardship means nurturing what has been entrusted to you and being accountable to the Master one day. We must, therefore, use our natural resources wisely rather than consume everything without replacement,” he said.

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‎Prof. Debrah pointed out that another misconception among some Christians was the belief that since the Bible spoke about the end of the world, there was little need to conserve the environment because no one knows when the earth would end.

‎He described this thinking as dangerous, explaining that no one knows when the end would come and, therefore, humanity had a responsibility to care for creation while it existed.

‎He also challenged the belief that animals cannot become extinct simply because human beings continue to exist despite people dying every day.

‎Drawing a distinction between human populations and wildlife, he explained that many animal species could disappear permanently if they were harvested without limits or conservation measures.

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‎He cited indiscriminate hunting as an example, saying many hunters entered forests and killed whatever animals they found without considering whether the populations were sufficient to sustain future generations.

‎”If we continue consuming resources without strategic plans for replacement and conservation, we will eventually lose them,” he cautioned.

‎Prof. Debrah urged society to combine scientific knowledge with religious and cultural beliefs instead of relying solely on religious interpretations to address environmental challenges.

‎”We have to read and understand the Bible well while applying science to our culture and religion. Religious beliefs alone cannot solve all our environmental problems,” he stated.

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‎He emphasised that biodiversity remained essential to human survival, noting that healthy ecosystems improve food quality, reduce diseases and help clean the air through trees that absorb carbon dioxide and other harmful gases.

‎Touching on agriculture, Prof. Debrah encouraged farmers to adopt sustainable farming practices that protect beneficial insects, especially bees, which naturally pollinate crops.

‎He mentioned that attempts at artificial pollination have proved costly, making natural pollination by insects a more practical and sustainable option.

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‎”The irony is that we spray insecticides to kill every insect on our farms, including those that are beneficial. If we reduce indiscriminate use of insecticides, nature will regulate itself through the food chain, ensuring healthy ecosystems and improved crop production,” he said.

‎Prof. Debrah, therefore, appealed to the public to recognise that caring for nature was not contrary to faith but rather an important responsibility entrusted to humanity.

‎”The earth and its resources are gifts from God. Our responsibility is not to exhaust them but to protect and manage them wisely for ourselves and generations yet unborn,” he added.

By Ama Tekyiwaa Ampadu Agyeman, Koforidua

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