Features
Abandoned projects: Ghana’s monument to neglect (Part 2)
Last week, I wrote about how successive governments abandon on-going projects, either initiated by a previous administration, or by the party in power itself.
The projects span various spheres of national development such as health and educational facilities, housing schemes, sports infrastructure, roads and highways, among other things.
For starters, I cited the abandonment of the $200 – million Saglemi Affordable Housing Scheme at Prampram, as a classic example of a monument to neglect.
By that I mean Ghana’s notorious tendency to waste our scarce resources by pumping vast sums of money into projects already investigated and certified feasible, only to discontinue them, sometimes even when almost completed.
The 300-acre Saglemi project initiated by the previous NDC regime comprises a 5000-unit residential facility to accommodate middle and low-income earners within Accra and its environs and reduce the housing deficit in the metropolis.
When the NPP took over from the NDC in 2016, the first phase of the project, consisting of 180 blocks of flats with 1,500 residential units, had already been completed at the cost of $200 million. But to date, no allocations of the completed flats has been made.
The ruling government’s explanation is that it has detected evidence of financial impropriety in procurement as well as inconsistencies in contract documents handed over to it by the previous administration.
Meanwhile, the workers for whom the project was undertaken, continue to wallow in squalid living conditions while the buildings deteriorate at a fast rate.
Whatever the problem, and for the sake of the beneficiaries, is there no way allocations can be made while investigations into allegations of financial malfeasance are conducted?
This week I continue with another project which can be rightly categorised as a monument to neglect. I am referring to the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) Teaching Hospital.
The project was initiated in 2007 by the university’s College of Architecture and Planning with support from the Ghana Education Trust Fund (GETFund) under the auspices of former president J.A. Kufuor.
The university banked on its internally-generated funds and donor support to raise enough money to supplement government’s contribution.
However, the project did not begin until 2008. Amid much fanfare, the Asantehene, Otumfuo Osei Tutu who is the Chancellor of KNUST, cut the sod for the $125-millionwork to begin in earnest.
The 800-bed capacity hospital, was expected to be one of the leading medical training and healthcare facilities in the country, to enable patients to access the facility towards easing the unnecessary pressure on other health facilities in the Ashanti Regional capital of Kumasi.
Apart from providing health care services, the project was also expected to serve as a teaching, research, and training facility for health and allied professionals critically needed for efficient health service delivery in the country and beyond.
Covering a land area of some 71 acres, the project, which is sited at Boadi in the Oforikrom Municipality, has among its features, a cardiothoracic and neurosurgical centre, a diagnostic unit and laboratory, morgue, administration and Out-Patient-Department (OPD) blocks, wards, security post, effluent chambers as well as a laundry unit.
It was expected to be completed in six years which should have been 2014, with the first phase comprising the administration block and facilities required to kick-start operations projected to be ready for use within two years.
But after the superstructure was only partially completed, this very important project was abandoned due to inadequate inflows from the KNUST’s internally generated funds and external donors. For that reason, the project has remained stalled for over a decade. What?
Do we not have any sense of urgency? Where do our national priorities lie? How can we sacrifice so beneficial a programme as improved health care for the people with the unjustifiable excuse that we do not have money?
But we have money for other useless ventures that serve the parochial interests of advocates of such projects. Even if other constituencies have overwhelming comparative advantage for the siting of certain projects, some unscrupulous players in government, would scheme and pull all kinds of tricks to have them situated in areas that would ensure personal dividends. For them the end justifies the means.
It took repeated reminders from the Asantehene to get the project resumed, as it were, only recently. About four years ago, that is, in 2018, at the 52nd graduation ceremony of the university, attended by the then Minister of Education, Matthew Opoku Prempeh, the monarch urged the government to release funds to ensure the completion of the project
Then, two years later in 2020, during the investiture of Professor Rita Akosua Dickson as the new Vice-Chancellor of KNUST, Otumfuo repeated his concerns about the neglect of the project in the presence of President Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo.
The Akans have a time-tested proverb that, if you want to communicate with God, just speak into the air. That is the wisdom Otumfuo applied, and it worked.
In an urgent and emotional direct appeal to the President, Otumfuo Osei Tutu said: “I have written a series of letters to the Ministry of Finance and to the office of His Excellency the President, but it appears no action has since been taken.”
“The KNUST,” he said, “has been very instrumental in the development of the country’s health systems and the completion of this facility will go a long way to contribute to the sustenance of such support…The time to act is now!” the Asantehene stressed.
In response, President Akufo-Addo assured that the project would be completed soon, saying that the tenure of the new Vice-Chancellor would be marked by the construction of the teaching hospital which is so dear to the heart of the Asantehene and the university community.
Another Ghanaian proverb in Akan says: “Treeeeeempoantremu a, wosekoko?” This loosely translates to: “Even when you poured it (maybe milk or any other drink) liberally, it was not sufficient for me, how much less would mere squeezes of drops suffice?
My point is, for over a decade the first phase which was supposed to be completed in six years did not reach anywhere.
Now the president says very soon the first phase will be completed. My Nigerian friends would say, “OK ooo, we shall see.”Not that I do not believe it. It is just too good to be true. Besides, my fear stems from that favourite word of politicians- soon. That is the snag. Why not put a timeline on it for us to be sure?
Probably, it will work this time. In fact, in 2021, the Government, according to the Asantehene, in response to his numerous appeals, initiated moves by releasing funds for the continuation of the project.
Media reports have quoted the Asantehene as saying that information available to him indicated that the first phase of the KNUST Teaching Hospital project would be completed by October 2022.
Otumfuo Osei Tutu revealed that government had already resumed construction works on the project, adding that the government had also made the necessary provisions for the second phase of the project in this year’s budget.
Contact: teepeejubilee@yahoo.co.uk
By Tony Prempeh
The driver stopped the vehicle at the gate of the large, fenced property along the Nsawam Highway, and Kakraba stepped out to meet the several workers who had gathered to wait for him.
He greeted them and went straight to the point.
“Gentlemen, I am glad to see that you have almost completed the clearing of the land. I’m happy to report that we have concluded all arrangements with Nana Serebour, and construction of the palace will start in a few days.
“I will need you to go and level the ground, and then come back to start this project. Some workers from a construction company will come and join us.
“My plan is to build twenty houses in four months. Then we will do twenty more until we reach two hundred.
“I am relying on you to help me deliver good-quality work to satisfy our clients and, as I have already indicated to you, I will reward you for your work.”
After an hour’s discussion, he closed the meeting and moved to drive away. Wofa Yaw drew closer.
“Director, can you please spare me five minutes? I would like to discuss a small issue.”
“Why, Wofa Yaw? Your wife has threatened to leave you?”
“No, Director. My wife will never leave me. This concerns a young niece of mine.”
“I hope it’s something I can help with. Please sit in the car and let me hear you.”
“Boss, my niece, Beesiwa, is a polytechnic graduate, very beautiful and with very good character.
“Unfortunately, her parents virtually forced her into a relationship with an idiot based in the US, which affected her badly. She has now recovered from that experience and, Boss, I am respectfully asking if you would find a job for her.
“I promise you that you will never regret it.”
“Well, Wofa Yaw, let me meet her and speak with her. I may be able to help, maybe not in the way you expect, but let me meet her.
“I will not be back here for another week, but I will be at the office throughout next week. You can come with her.”
On Monday morning, Wofa Yaw and Beesiwa were seated at the office by nine o’clock. Three young ladies welcomed them warmly, offered them soft drinks and assured them that Kakraba would be there shortly.
They then returned to their desks and sat behind computers with large screens displaying various building designs.
Kakraba walked in and greeted them warmly. After chatting briefly with the three ladies, he ushered Wofa Yaw and Beesiwa into his office.
“Director, this is my niece, Beesiwa. I mentioned her to you when you came to Nsawam.”
“Yes, indeed. Madam Beesiwa, you are very beautiful, just as your uncle said. Wofa Yaw is my colleague.
“We have just started a building project that will take about three to four years. He mentioned that you have a small problem, so I said I would like to meet you and see how I can help.
“So, Beesiwa, please tell me a little about yourself.”
Beesiwa described her childhood, her school experience, her brief work at the bank and the nasty episode with Sammy Abrokwa, which shattered her peaceful life. She also explained how she had been recovering from the experience.
“I am really sorry to hear this,” Kakraba said. “Now, here is what we are going to do.
“We are a small but very busy company. The three ladies out there spend most of the day on site and come back to report on their work in the morning.
“I have three main projects. The big one is an estate project in Nsawam, where your uncle is one of my main colleagues. I need a personal assistant who can take care of my activities, especially when I am not in town.
“Now, we will have to start with trust. Based on what I know about Wofa Yaw, and based on what you yourself have told me, I think we can start on a sound basis.
“So, Wofa Yaw will take you to my home. You can move into one of the four guest rooms.”
“Sir, I have taken some computer lessons, and I have even done graphics and web design,” Beesiwa said.
“Fantastic! I will give you a good phone and a laptop. I will also arrange computer lessons for you.”
“Now, Wofa Yaw, take her home. My sister, Kuukuwa, will meet you and show you around, and then you can return to Koforidua.
“When would you like to start work?”
“Sir, I would like to start today, but I would need to go and bring my things.”
“No problem. Take a taxi to my house, meet my sister, and let me know what you decide.”
Later that day, Kakraba and the three ladies met with some bank officials to conclude the sale of the three buildings at Adabraka.
They closed at five-thirty and, after rewarding the ladies for their hard work, Kakraba got home just after dark.
He was surprised to find Kuukuwa and Beesiwa sitting at the table enjoying supper.
“What’s happening here?” he asked. “Beesiwa, I thought you would return to Koforidua.”
“She changed her mind,” Kuukuwa said. “We went to the mall and bought a few things for her. Then we came back to cook. She has made some nice changes to your bedroom and cooked a couple of interesting dishes. Sit down; we will serve you.”
“Well, I certainly can’t refuse that. It’s been a busy day.
“So, what’s the plan now? Will Beesiwa go to Koforidua tomorrow, gather her things together and come down?”
“No, I will stay here for a while,” Beesiwa replied. “Kuukuwa bought me the things I need, so I may go back next week. I’m ready to start work. What would you like me to start with?”
“Well, you can come to the office tomorrow morning, meet the three girls and get a feel for what we do.
“Since you are living here, at least for now, we can discuss the plans for the next few weeks.
“Sometimes there are gaps when I travel up north. You can take care of things from now. I think the girls would like having someone like you around.”
By Ekow de Heer
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A frequent question following breast surgery is whether human tissue possesses the regenerative capacity to restore an excised organ.
From a strict physiological standpoint, a completely removed breast cannot regrow. Unlike certain organisms that can regenerate complex limbs or organs, adult human tissues—particularly specialised glandular structures—lack the cellular machinery required to rebuild an entire organ after its total surgical removal.
Instead, the body heals the surgical site through processes such as scar tissue formation and re-epithelialisation rather than complete cellular regeneration.
What a mastectomy actually removes
To understand why natural tissue regeneration does not occur, it is important to examine the surgical scope of a mastectomy.
Depending on the type of procedure and the medical reason for surgery, a mastectomy may involve the removal of:
Glandular architecture: The milk-producing lobules and ducts that form the functional core of the mammary gland.
Adipose tissue: The fatty tissue that contributes to breast volume, projection and contour.
Other breast tissue: The extent of tissue removal varies according to the type of mastectomy and the need to achieve appropriate surgical clearance.
Because specialised breast structures are physically removed, the body does not rebuild a complete mammary gland. Instead, healing occurs through tissue repair and scar formation.
Distinguishing residual tissue from “regrowth”
Patients or observers may notice changes in the chest area after surgery, sometimes leading to misconceptions about tissue regeneration.
Skin- and nipple-sparing procedures
Modern breast surgery may preserve the outer skin envelope or, in selected cases, the nipple-areola complex. Small amounts of breast tissue may remain depending on the surgical technique. Any changes in remaining tissue due to hormonal fluctuations represent residual tissue responding to the body, rather than the regrowth of a completely removed breast.
Adipose accumulation
Weight gain after surgery can increase the amount of subcutaneous fat across the chest wall. However, this is part of general body fat distribution and does not represent the regeneration of a mammary gland.
Modern reconstructive pathways
Because a completely removed breast does not naturally regenerate, modern medicine offers reconstructive options aimed at restoring physical symmetry, contour and body image.
The two main approaches are implant-based reconstruction and autologous, or tissue-based, reconstruction.
Implant-based reconstruction
Implant-based reconstruction uses synthetic medical devices, typically filled with silicone gel or saline, to rebuild the breast mound following a mastectomy.
The two-stage process: This approach may begin with the placement of a temporary tissue expander to gradually create space and stretch the surrounding tissues. A later procedure may then be performed to place a permanent implant.
Recovery profile: Implant-based reconstruction generally involves a shorter initial surgery and recovery period compared with procedures that require tissue to be harvested from another part of the body.
Long-term considerations: Breast implants are not lifetime devices and require ongoing medical monitoring. Some patients may need additional procedures over time because of complications or changes in the implant or surrounding tissue.
Autologous or tissue-based reconstruction
Autologous reconstruction uses the patient’s own living tissue to create a new breast mound. Tissue may be transferred from another part of the body, commonly the lower abdomen, using procedures such as a DIEP flap.
Natural look and feel: Because the reconstruction uses living tissue, it can provide a natural warmth, texture and softness. The tissue may also change with the patient’s body weight over time.
Long-term durability: Once healing is complete, autologous reconstruction can provide a long-lasting result without the need to replace an implant. However, some patients may still require further procedures.
Complex surgery: This option usually involves a longer operation and recovery period. In microsurgical procedures, surgeons may need to reconnect tiny blood vessels to establish blood flow to the transferred tissue.
Direct comparison
When choosing between these two reconstructive pathways, patients and their surgical teams must consider several physical, medical and lifestyle factors.
Surgical burden: Implant surgery is generally less invasive, while flap reconstruction involves surgery at both the chest and the donor site.
Foreign material versus native tissue: Implants involve the use of a medical device, while autologous reconstruction uses the patient’s own tissue.
Recovery: The recovery timelines and rehabilitation requirements differ significantly between the two procedures.
Recovery and physical rehabilitation
Recovering from breast reconstruction requires patience, careful pacing and, in some cases, structured physical rehabilitation.
Because implant-based and autologous tissue-flap procedures involve different surgical techniques, their healing timelines and physical therapy milestones can vary considerably.
Understanding these differences is important for patients considering reconstruction, as the choice involves more than restoring physical appearance. It also requires careful consideration of recovery, long-term monitoring, lifestyle and individual medical needs.
Part 2 will examine recovery timelines, physical therapy milestones and other factors patients should consider when choosing between reconstructive options.
By Robert Ekow Grimmond-Thompson
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