Features
Ghana-IMF meeting

Since July 2022, when the Government of Ghana decided to go to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) for assistance, many varied opinions have been expressed concerning this move with the Minority saying that they have been vindicated because the government should have indicated its intention far earlier than it did.
Since 2017, the Akufo-Addo Administration has been able to manage the country very well, ensuring that GDP growth for 2017, 2018 and 2019 were very impressive. Introduction of policies such as One District One Factory, Planting for Food and Job as well as many other programmes have all put the country on course towards rapid economic recovery. It was thought that this would be the general trend in the ensuing eight to 10 years for the country.
UNFAVOURABLE CONDITIONS
Unfortunately, this was not to be and the entire world was hit adversely by certain unfavourable economic conditions. These unfavourable conditions brought economic difficulties which made life unbearable for the country.
The outbreak of the COVID-19 which affected Ghana and the rest of the world forced the world to spend huge sums of money to fight the pandemic. President Akufo-Addo made it clear that he would prefer to fight hard and save lives rather than lose these lives. To him, once lives are lost, they cannot be brought back, so it was better to use available resources to fight the pandemic.
Even if all resources are depleted while lives are saved, there would be an opportunity to fight for economic recovery and improve upon the lives of the people in order to bring the standard of living to a satisfactory level. This appears to be what is happening now and this is one reason the government has been forced to go to the IMF for assistance.
HIGH CRUDE OIL PRICES
Another reason Ghana has been forced to go to the IMF is the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine war which has brought untold hardships to countries in the world. Crude oil prices rose far above 100 dollars per barrel and countries in the world, both developed and developing, had no choice but to pay for unbearable fuel prices.
In Europe, Canada, America and elsewhere in the developed world, inflation rose very high and made economic life extremely difficult. The situation was even worse in developing countries whose incomes were generally low. In both developed and developing countries, this trend of unfavourable economic life has continued till today.
IMF BAILOUT
As a result, over 100 countries from various parts of the world had to go to the IMF for assistance.
This is the fundamental reason Ghana, like many other countries in Africa, had to turn round to the IMF for economic and financial bailout. Seen in this way, the reason for Ghana’s decision to deal with the IMF is not due to mismanagement of the economy. Rather, the unfavourable external economic conditions are the factors that have pushed the country from its economic growth to an area of unbearable pressure which has forced the government to go for IMF bailout.
COMPREHENSIVE DSA
The Government of Ghana commenced discussions with the International Monetary Fund on Monday, September 26, 2022. According to the government, a comprehensive Debt Sustainability Analysis (DSA), which is a key requirement for securing an IMF-supported programme is currently ongoing.
This is a necessary requirement to ensure that Ghana’s debt is on a sustainable path. A release by the Ministry of Finance on September 26, 2022, said, “The Government of Ghana is putting together a comprehensive post-COVID-19 economic programme which will form the basis for the IMF negotiations.
The COVID-19 bailout programme has become necessary because Ghana was forced to deplete its entire resources in combating the disease. Having gone through this experience, it has become necessary for government to put down a programme to justify why the country needs a bailout from the IMF.
WHAT IMF PROGRAMME SEEKS TO ESTABLISH
The programme seeks to establish a macro-fiscal path that ensures debt sustainability and macroeconomic stability underpinned by key structural reforms and social protection. The IMF mission that arrived in Ghana on September 26, 2022, is currently in talks with the Ministry of Finance and the Bank of Ghana.
If the IMF team leaves the country, negotiations will still continue between Ghana and the Fund until an agreement is reached. It is this agreement that will be implemented by the government of Ghana under the supervision of the Fund.
The Debt Sustainability Analysis (DSA) is an IMF-supported programme which is anchored in the analysis of a country’s capacity to finance its policy objectives and service the ensuing debt without unduly large adjustments, which could otherwise compromise its stability.
IMF FORMAL FRAMEWORK
To this end, the IMF has developed a formal framework for conducting public and external Debt Sustainability Analysis (DSA). This serves as a tool to better detect, prevent and resolve potential crises.
Here, the framework has been made operational since 2002. The objective of the framework is threefold. In the first place, it accesses the current debt situation. Here, it looks at its maturity structure, whether it is huge, small, bearable etc.
Secondly, the framework identifies vulnerabilities in the debt, that is, whether there are loose ends or other conditions that will result in repayment difficulties. This also helps to access the debt situation.
Finally, the framework helps to examine cases where such difficulties can emerge to create problems in terms of the restructure of the debt and whether payment can be smooth or difficult. At the end of it all, the Fund would be able to know the position of the debt of a country.
FRAMEWORK IMF TO DETERMINE DSA
Ultimately, this framework would help the IMF to determine the Debt Sustainability Anslysis of a country and come up with solutions for the way forward. The Debt Sustainability Analysis (DSA) is not applied to all countries in the same way. The Fund examines each country on case by case basis.
What this means is that two countries may have similar situations but the IMF may apply different programmes to different countries, depending on available conditions and programmes and their justifications. When all these things have been done, the nature of the bailout programme would now be made available to the country concerned.
As of now, no one knows the nature of the programme to be implemented by the IMF. Negotiations would have to be complete before the IMF programme and its conditionalities can be made available. Thus, members of the Minority and their cohorts cannot assume that they know what the outcome would be. If this is the case, then their exaggerations of the situation must stop since it would not serve the interest of anyone in the country.
Email address/whatsApp number of author:
Pradmat201@gmail.com (0553318911)
Features
Musicians, the Whiteman’s toilet and MEGASTAR

I have often been saddened by the condition of Sikaman musicians. Of course, some are not musicians. They are jokers who think anybody who can sing a hymn is a musician. And why wouldn’t they think so when people think that every man wearing a rasta hair is a reggae musician?
Well, these days, almost everybody is dreaming of becoming a musician, even some ministers and parliamentarians. And it is never too late for them to begin learning the solfas and composing songs like “If You Do Good You Do For Yourself,” after all, life begins at 60 these days. If you die three years later, that’s your luck.
For the jobless, becoming a musical star is an everyday dream. They think when you are a music maker, you automatically break alliance with poverty. They are often mistaken.
I know people who claim they are musicians but are always fasting not because they are devout moslems or are on a hunger strike, but because even one square meal a day is a perpetual wahala. And the only drink they can afford is the poor man’s holy whisky which has a thousand names including ‘Nyame Bekyere’.
Even most of the popular musicians we see in town claiming they are foreign-based stars are more of hustlers than musicians. When they tell you they are going on tour abroad, it is a careful way of saying they are going overseas to scrub the whiteman’s toilet or pick tomato or apples to save their neck from musical poverty.
When they are back to Sikaman, they appear quite flamboyant with chains hanging all over them. They change the few dollars they have scraped, spread it around and promptly get broke. Then they can organise another ‘tour’. In between tours, they struggle to release an album and that levels them up a bit on the financial balance.
It all points to the fact that the life of the average musician isn’t quite organised. He has no calendar, no programme and no concentration on the job. He has to wash plates, become a waiter, janitor and toilet scrubber while finding time to make music. No musician succeeds in life that way.
One musician I’ll always respect, who thinks deeper than the ordinary Sikaman musicians is Carlos Sakyi. He is not like the Kokoase guitar musicians who see the world just in terms of bitters, a willing girlfriend, constant supply of kokonte and jot.
Carlos, often loved for his percussive overtones in gospel music, and once a gospel-rock star, has studied the life of Sikaman musicians and has evolved a blue-print for a great improvement in their lives work, finances and comfort.
In short, he has simulated a Motown-style environment for musicians and his formula is working with accuracy with the five musicians he has started with. The blue-print is what has brought MEGASTAR into being. It was launched on September 15, 1995 at the National Theatre.
When it got launched, many probably thought Carlos was “too know or was dreaming more than he should and won’t think about himself. Anyhow, the MEGASTAR is now an institution musicians can look up to, a big phenomenon with lots of promise for struggling musicians.
Music business in the developed world is not the way we regard it cheaply here. A musician is never distracted by how his finances go; his contracts are entered, his engagements made, his interviews arranged, his personal security guaranteed.
Music is his business and that is where his mind is and his attention focuses. Other aspects of his life are programmed for him by his managers. They hire who has to light his cigarettes, massage him, drive his car and the one who will say “Good Luck” when he sneezes.
A bodyguard whose face is exactly like that of the devil is hired to scare off muggers, psychopaths and criminals in general. Sometimes his girls are organised for him.
So the only thing the musician does apart from sleeping and snoring is to concentrate on making music, and true to it, no one can succeed in any venture when he is distracted.
This is how the Michael Jacksons, Lionel Richies, Dolly Patons and Whitney Houstons have made it with dollars packed and over-flowing. They aren’t any better than Sikaman musicians. The only difference is that they know how to organise their lives.
I managed to corner Carlos Sakyi and asked him to tell me how MEGASTAR was doing. He is the Managing Director of Megastar Limited, a music company that has a board of directors and a chairman. Carlos Sakyi shares the proprietorship with a partner. Carlos himself was one great musician who played for a band that beat Eddy Grant on the charts.
“Megastar is in fact a concept born out of the idea that the future security of the Ghanaian musician which has always been in jeopardy can now be guaranteed. Artistes spend too much of their time doing things on their own, chasing money and not concentrating on music. So their full potential is never realised. Some are in fact producing at quarter-rate. That is why they aren’t making much headway,” he told me.
“Megastar is now giving them the chance of the lives. We handle the interviews of Megastar artiste, their press releases, costume, engagements and everything they hitherto used to do themselves. We get them exposed on M-Net and we have contacted BB to get on their programmes. We handle their finances pay them salaries and bonuses, so they only have to concentrate on music
“Most importantly,” he continued, “we do not make all the decisions. Management always meet with the musicians to take the decisions that affect them.”
But who are the Megastar musicians? One is the great Amakye Dede, a star from birth delivered onto the earth with music on his lips; he is the man who feeds hungry ears with musical salad and harmonic sausages. He is the recipient of many national awards.
Next is Naana Frimpong, a latter-day Carlos-groomed songbird with the voice of an angel. She sings to kill. Her beauty has charmed her audience and they stare and stare at her.
The sensational and fantalising Tagoe Sisters are the next. The twin music machine is one that has produced the cream, arguably the very best, of gospel music all these years. I hear they are inseparable; not even their better-halves can keep them apart. Are they Siamese? They dance, and when on stage, they move the crowd.
Then comes Reverend Yawson who is a known songwriter. He is imbued with the Holy Spirit, speaks in tongues and of course sings in tongues. He is God’s representative on the group.
What about my good friend and super-heavyweight, Jewel Ackah? He is a star figure. His appearance is awe-inspiring, his voice golden. A great delight to be-hold when at his best in stage-craftsmanship, he has beaten his contemporaries to it both on land and on sea.
They are the pioneers of the Motown idea. They are all releasing new albums this year. Let’s see how it all goes.
Features
The rise of female rage: Unpacking the complexity of women’s anger
In recent years, the term “female rage” has gained significant traction, symbolising a collective shift in how women’s emotions are perceived and addressed.
This phenomenon is not merely a fleeting trend but a profound movement rooted in centuries of systemic injustices, personal betrayals, and societal expectations.
As women increasingly reclaim their anger, it is imperative to understand the multifaceted nature of female rage, its causes, and its implications for individuals and society at large.
The historical context of female anger
Historically, women’s emotions have been subject to dismissal, ridicule, and pathologisation. The term “hysteria,” originating from the Greek word for uterus, was used to describe women’s emotional states as irrational and uncontrollable.
This legacy of silencing and shaming has contributed to a culture where women’s anger is often suppressed or stigmatised.
However, with the rise of feminist movements, women are challenging these narratives, asserting their right to express anger and demand change.
The anatomy of female rage
Female rage is not a monolith; it is a complex and multifaceted emotion driven by various factors, including:
1. Societal expectations: The pressure to conform to traditional roles of passivity, politeness, and emotional labour.
2. Gender inequality and pay gaps: Frustration stemming from systemic discrimination in the workplace and beyond.
3. Sexual harassment and abuse: Trauma and anger resulting from pervasive violence and objectification.
4. Emotional labour and burnout: The unsustainable burden of managing emotions and responsibilities in personal and professional spheres.
5. Hormonal fluctuations: The impact of hormonal changes on emotional states, often overlooked or dismissed.
The power of anger: Reclaiming female rage
Far from being a destructive force, female rage can be a catalyst for change. When acknowledged and channelled constructively, anger can drive advocacy, policy reform, and resistance against inequality.
The #MeToo movement, women’s marches, and increased representation in politics are testaments to the power of collective female anger.
Addressing the Stigma: Towards a more inclusive dialogue
To fully harness the potential of female rage, society must address the stigma surrounding women’s anger. This involves:
1. Validation and recognition: Acknowledging women’s emotions as legitimate and worthy of attention.
2. Creating safe spaces: Providing platforms for women to express anger without fear of backlash.
3. Education and awareness: Challenging stereotypes and promoting understanding of women’s experiences.
4. Support systems: Offering resources and support for women dealing with trauma and systemic injustices.
Conclusion
The age of female rage is a moment of profound transformation, where women’s anger is no longer silenced but celebrated as a force for justice.
By understanding the roots of female rage and addressing the societal structures that fuel it, we can move towards a more equitable and compassionate world.
The journey is complex, but the destination-a society where women’s emotions are respected and their voices are heard is worth the struggle.
References:
[1] Chemudupati, P. (2022). _The Rage of Women: A Historical Perspective_.
[2] Traister, R. (2018). _Good and Mad:
By Robert Ekow Grimond-Thompson




