Features
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
A Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA), also known as a “mini-stroke,” is a temporary disruption in the blood supply to the brain that causes stroke-like symptoms. TIAs are often warning signs for future strokes and require immediate medical attention.
In this article, we will discuss the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of TIAs.
Causes of TIA
TIAs are typically caused by a temporary blockage or reduction in blood flow to the brain, often due to:
- Blood clots: A blood clot forms in a blood vessel supplying the brain, temporarily blocking blood flow.
- Plaque buildup: A buildup of plaque in the blood vessels narrows them and reduces blood flow.
- Blood vessel spasms: Sudden constriction of blood vessels can temporarily reduce blood flow to the brain.
Symptoms of TIA
TIA symptoms are similar to those of a stroke and may include:
- Weakness or numbness: Sudden weakness or numbness in the face, arm, or leg.
- Speech difficulties: Difficulty speaking or understanding speech.
- Vision problems: Sudden blurred vision, double vision, or loss of vision.
- Dizziness or loss of balance: Sudden dizziness or loss of balance.
- Headache: A sudden, severe headache.
Diagnosis of TIA
Diagnosing a TIA requires a thorough medical evaluation, including:
- Medical history: A review of the patient’s medical history to identify potential risk factors.
- Physical examination: A physical examination to assess neurological function.
- Imaging tests: Imaging tests such as CT or MRI scans to rule out other conditions.
Treatment of TIA
Treatment for TIA typically involves:
- Medications: To prevent blood clots, lower blood pressure, and reduce cholesterol levels.
- Lifestyle changes: Quitting smoking, exercising regularly, and eating a healthy diet.
- Surgery or procedures: To remove plaque buildup in blood vessels or repair blood vessel abnormalities.
Prevention of TIA
Preventing TIAs and strokes requires managing risk factors, including:
- High blood pressure: Control it through lifestyle changes and medications.
- High cholesterol: Lower it through diet, exercise, and medications.
- Diabetes: Manage it carefully through healthy habits and medications.
- Smoking cessation: Quit smoking to significantly reduce stroke risk.
Importance of Prompt Medical Attention
Prompt medical attention is crucial for individuals experiencing TIA symptoms. Timely treatment can help prevent a future stroke and reduce the risk of long-term damage.
Conclusion
TIAs are warning signs for future strokes and require immediate medical attention. By understanding the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of TIAs, individuals can take steps to prevent future strokes and reduce their risk of long-term complications.
Prompt medical attention remains the key to preventing serious outcomes.
References
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (2020). Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA).
- American Heart Association (2020). Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA).
- Mayo Clinic (2020). Transient ischemic attack (TIA).
Additional Resources
- National Stroke Association
- American Stroke Association
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
BY ROBERT EKOW GRIMMOND-THOMPSON
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On Sunday, October 11, 2026, it was the turn of Ghanaian Catholics in Finland to lead the singing in the church service of the African Catholic Chaplaincy in Finland (ACCF).
It was indeed a spirit-filled feeling for worshippers present. And for the Ghanaian migrants, the occasion also brought back to them memories of church services in their home country, Ghana.
The ACCF has a roster for each country/community to sing from time to time. Next Sunday will be the turn of the Nigerian community. Other communities that usually sing are the Kenyan/Tanzanian community, the Cameroonian, the Ugandan, group, etc.
A powerful religious experience
The mass services of the Chaplaincy usually give a powerful religious experience and a display of cultural diversity, especially in occasions such as when the Bishop of Helsinki, Bishop Raimo Goyarrola, celebrated mass with the Chaplaincy on Pentecost Day, May 24, 2026.
There was a similar time of spiritual joy last month (September 27, 2026) when Emeritus Bishop Teemu Sippo, former Bishop of Helsinki, visited the Chaplaincy. Bishop Teemu was the main celebrant, assisted by the Chaplain, Reverend Father Thomas Otieno.
Last Sunday, Reverend Father Bernard Sor, a Ghanaian Catholic priest based in Austria, was the main celebrant in the mass service where he performed a rite of baptism. Fr Bernard had celebrated mass a few months ago when he visited his sister and her husband in Helsinki. 
All these well-attended religious occasions indeed leave lasting memories. The homilies (peaching) by the priests usually emphasize religious tenets such as the importance of loving and serving God in truth, existing in peace with our fellow humans to promote unity in diversity, etc.
Unity in diversity and a colourful display of cultures
The African Chaplaincy church services usually produce impressive displays of diverse cultures from different parts of Africa and elsewhere. The events are often spiced by rich cultural displays of dances and colourful attires which are a delight to watch.
On special occasions, members of the Ghanaian Catholic community, in their gay and colourful kente attire and with adowa dance and music, usually lead the procession into the church. Other communities such as the Cameroonian, Nigerian, Kenyan and Tanzanian as well as Sudanese/South Sudanese groups also put up well-choreographed performances from their cultures.
The African Catholic Chaplaincy in Finland
The African Chaplaincy was founded on June 4, 2017, which was a Pentecost Sunday, in a Pontifical High Mass celebrated by Monsignor Emeritus Sippo S.C.I., the then Bishop of Helsinki, at the St. Mary’s Catholic Parish Church in Helsinki.
The Chaplaincy was created by Bishop Teemu in collaboration with the Diocesan body when they detected a great flocking of African immigrants to Finland, the majority of whom were Catholics. This was to give the immigrants a possibility to integrate into the Finnish society by worshiping as Catholics and in their African cultural identity.
The responsibility of the Chaplaincy was given by Bishop Teemu to Father Dr Leonard Wobilla Shwei, who is thus the first Chaplain and ably led the Chaplaincy. He was succeeded a few years ago by Father Thomas Otieno, who continues to move the Chaplaincy forward. Thank you!
GHANA MATTERS column appears fortnightly. Written in simple, layman’s terms, it concentrates on matters about Ghana and beyond. It focuses on everyday life issues relating to the social, cultural, economic, religious, political, health, sports, youth, gender, etc. It strives to remind us all that Ghana comes first. The column also takes a candid look at the meanings and repercussions of our actions, especially those things we take for granted or even ignore. There are key Ghanaian values we should uphold rather than disregard with impunity. We should not overlook the obvious. We need to search for the hidden or deeply embedded values and try to project them.
With Dr Perpetual Crentsil
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She did not find out he was cheating. She found out he was drowning.
It was two weeks after their beautiful wedding. The jollof was still in the fridge. A loan officer called her number-not his-and politely asked, “Madam, please tell your husband to pay his overdue loan. We have been calling him.”
That was how she discovered her new husband had entered their marriage with a hidden debt of over GH¢ 40,000. No cheating. No other woman. Just a financial secret.
And that is how many Ghanaian marriages begin to die. Not with a shout, but with a secret alert on a phone.
We prepare for the wedding. We do not prepare for the wallet.
What is money honesty?
Let me define it simply. Money honesty is not that you both earn the same. It is that you both know the same. It is the ability to sit down and say without fear:
“This is how much I earn.”
“This is how much I owe.”
“This is how I was raised to see money.”
“This is what scares me about money.”
Financial transparency is not about control. It is about clarity. You cannot build trust on top of secrets.
Many couples tell me, “Counsellor, we love each other, love will handle money.” I always answer, “Love is the car, but money honesty is the fuel. Love without honesty cannot move.”
How To Buy Your Marriage Insurance Today – My 5-Step Protocol
If you are engaged, newly married, or even 20 years in marriage, you can still fix this. At Counsellor Prince & Associates Consult—CPAC, this is what I give couples:
Step 1: The 90-Minute Money Naked Session.
No phones, no blame. Each partner writes down on paper: Monthly income, monthly debts, monthly family obligations, savings, and your biggest money fear. Then you exchange papers. Read it. Don’t react for 24 hours. Just absorb.
Step 2: Create OUR Money, YOUR Money, My Money.
You need three pots. OUR money for rent, food, school fees, utilities, properties, and the like— joint contribution. YOUR money and MY money—a small agreed allowance no one questions. This stops the feeling of being controlled.
Step 3: The No-Secret Debt Rule.
Agree from today: No new loan, no new hire purchase, no new family financial commitment above GHS 500 without telling each other first. Not permission, but information.
Step 4: Talk About Your Money Personality.
Are you a Spender or a Saver? Are you Risky or Safe? Most Ghanaian marriages are a Spender married to a Saver. Neither is wrong. But if you don’t understand your partner’s personality, you will call his saving “stinginess” and her spending “wastefulness.”
Step 5: Do a Monthly 30-Minute Money Date
Not an argument date. Light, with tea. “How did we do this month? What worried you? What should we plan for next month?” Couples who do this divorce far less.
My Final Word
Before you say “I Do” at the altar, have pre-marital counselling and also have the money talk on the sofa.
Ask your partner:
“If I lost my job today, how long can we survive?”
“What debt are you bringing into this marriage?”
“How much do you send to your family monthly and will that continue?”
If he or she gets angry that you asked, don’t get married yet. A person who is angry about accountability will be abusive about money.
Marriage insurance is not bought at Star Assurance or Enterprise. It is bought in honest conversations when no one is watching.
The wedding costs one day. The marriage costs a lifetime. Don’t enter a lifetime contract and covenant with hidden costs.
You can still insure your marriage today.
Source:
Counselor Prince Offei, CPAC’s founder, is a leading Mental Health Professional, Marriage Counsellor, Author, ADR Expert/Arbitrator, and Spectator Newspaper Columnist. He writes on relationships, marriage, parenting, special needs support, and their connection to mental health. For therapy, counselling, or enquiries, contact Counselor Prince & Associates Consult (CPAC) in Accra on 0559850604 / 0551428486.
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