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Headache

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Some people have severe headaches only once or twice a year, while oth­ers may have frequent or even daily attacks.

If left untreated, a tension headache can go on for days or weeks without re­lief. Despite the discomfort, most people can continue with their usual activities.

What causes a tension headache?

A tension headache is thought to be due to muscle tightness in the scalp, forehead and the back of the neck. This can be triggered by:

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• Tension and stress.

• Tiredness.

• Long periods of reading, typing or con­centration (eye strain).

• Poor posture.

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• Spine and neck injuries.

• High blood pressure.

• Physical or emotional stress.

What are the symptoms?

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A tension headache may feel like a tight band around the head or a dull ache on both sides of the head. There may also be aching and tightness in the neck and shoulders. Tension headaches tend to worsen as the day goes on.

Treatment

You will be assessed by a doctor or nurse and advised of the best treatment. Tests are not normally needed. Most people find pain relief eases the severity of a tension headache. Pain relief is safe when used as directed. Ask your doctor or health care professional which of the following is the most appropriate for you:

• Paracetamol on its own.

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• Aspirin (do not use in children).

Once treatment starts you should be able to return to your everyday activities.

If your headaches are caused by neck problems, you may be helped by the following therapies:

1. Emotional Surgery

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2. Physiotherapy /Massage

Medication may be needed on a daily basis. Your doctor can refer you to other health care professionals for treatment, depending on your needs.

If you suffer from frequent headaches, see your doctor. Writing your symptoms in a diary can help in working out a treat­ment plan. Although a headache may be a warning sign of a more serious problem, this is rare.

Home care: When you have the head­ache, take pain relief and rest in a dark room. Sometimes having a warm bath or shower, or applying a warm or cold cloth over the aching area can help. You should not solely rely on pain relief medication. The most effective long-term treatment is to make simple lifestyle changes that reduce the frequency of your headaches.

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Be guided by your doctor or health care professional, but some helpful tips include:

• Learn ways to manage your stress.

• Find ways to relax, go for emotional surgery, massage or meditation.

• Have a healthy diet.

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• Drink plenty of water.

• Exercise regularly – you release ‘feel good’ chemicals (endorphins) from your brain when you exercise.

• Maintain a good posture when you are upright, try not to slouch when sitting as this puts strain onto neck and back muscles.

See your local doctor or return to the emergency department if:

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You get a headache that is severe and out of the blue (a sudden onset).

• The pain is worse when you cough, sneeze or strain.

• The pain is getting worse, despite tak­ing pain relief.

• The pain is worse when you lie down.

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• You become drowsy, or confused.

• Your vision becomes blurred, or you have any visual disturbance.

• You are generally unwell, including vomiting.

In a medical emergency go to the nearest hospital emergency department or call an ambulance. For other medical problems see your Doctor or health-care professional.

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By Robert Ekow Grimmond-Thompson

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Features

Traffic jam on Weija-Kasoa highway

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I experienced something on Monday, June 15, that really frustrated me.  I had to go to the ministries but I could not get up early that day so I decided to pick a taxi and get to the Tuba Junction. 

When I got there I realised that Traffic had built up from the Toll Booth towards Accra.  After a while I got a Taxi and it was when we got to a certain spot on the road, that I realised why there was a traffic jam. 

There is a short stretch of the road where each time it rains heavily, loose material run down the hill onto the road, blocking one side of the road.  Vehicles from Kasoa to Accra are then forced to move into one of the lanes of those going towards Kasoa from Accra. 

The two lane road from Accra to Kasoa becomes a single carriage way.  That was the reason for the traffic jam from the toll booth onwards.

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This has been a perineal problem and yet, no permanent solution has been found till date.  The area falls under Ga South and even though, a new MCE has taken over, the technocrats are still there and so the problem is not new to them.  

There is therefore no excuse for the inability of the Ga South Metropolitan Assembly to resolving the problem on that stretch of the road.  Apart from the Ga South Metropolitan Assembly, another institution that must be held accountable is the Ghana Highways Authority. 

The Highways Authority cannot say they are unaware of this issue.  The fact that the problem falls within the area of responsibility of the Ga South Assembly, does not relieve the Ghana Highways Authority, of their responsibility of ensuring that our highways are maintained in a motorable state at all times. 

A collaboration between the Ghana Highways Authority and The Ga South Municipal Assembly is required for a permanent resolution of the problem.

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There was another traffic jam at a place called Atala about 250 metres to the traffic light at Old Barrier as a result of an issue similar to the one close to the toll booth, that I talked about earlier. 

When we got to Weija junction, we encountered another traffic jam. The cause of this jam was a bad condition of road about 80 metres from the traffic light at Ga South Hospital heading towards Accra.  

Due to the bad nature at that section of the road, vehicles are compelled to slow down resulting in a traffic jam stretching all the way to Weija Junction.  

I started wondering if that short stretch of road cannot be sorted on one Sunday when traffic is usually light.  When we got to the traffic light at Odorkor, there was another issue. 

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When the traffic light shows green, there is a slow down because there is a big pothole or should I say manhole in the outer lane, right at the traffic light.  Vehicles in the outer lane are compelled to swerve into the second lane thereby causing a traffic to slow down and resulting in a traffic jam.

It is very important to take into account the effect of traffic jam on the national economy.  If we are able to assess the value of the loss to the economy of the nation, I believe the issue of traffic jam will be prioritised. 

Imagine persons working at various Government Organisations like Registrar General’s Department, Ghana Ports and Habours Authority, Ghana Revenue Authority, CEPS etc. and lives at Kasoa and whose job is to collect revenue for the state and is held up in traffic. 

Just imagine the effect their lateness to work will have on the economy if you consider the delays in say clearing of goods at the port and as a result traders cannot sell their goods for government to generate the required taxes.

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Let us deal with the traffic jams on our streets to promote economic growth. God bless.

By Laud Kissi-Mensah

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Understanding mortality: Exploring the complexities of human existence

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Mortality is an inherent aspect of life, a universal experience that has sparked philosophical, theological, and scientific inquiry throughout human history.

This article aims to provide a comprehensive and nuanced exploration of mortality, acknowledging the complexity of the topic and the diverse perspectives surrounding it.

The biological imperative

From a biological standpoint, death is a natural part of the life cycle. It serves as a mechanism for the evolution of species, allowing for the passing on of genetic material and the adaptation to environmental changes.

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Evolutionary perspective: Death allows for the recycling of resources, promoting the survival and adaptation of species.

Life span and senescence: Cellular aging and the limitations of biological systems contribute to mortality.

Philosophical and existential perspectives

Existentialism: Emphasises individual freedom and responsibility in the face of mortality.

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Meaning and purpose: The finite nature of life can prompt individuals to seek meaning and purpose.

The human condition: Mortality is a fundamental aspect of the human experience, shaping our perceptions and values.

Cultural and spiritual views

Afterlife and spirituality: Many cultures and religions believe in an afterlife or spiritual continuation.

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Rituals and mourning: Cultural practices surrounding death reflect the significance of mortality in human experience.

Legacy and remembrance: The impact of one’s life can transcend mortality.

Ethical considerations

End-of-life care: Ethical debates surround issues like euthanasia, assisted dying, and palliative care.

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Quality of life: Balancing the value of life with the quality of life is a complex ethical issue.

Resource allocation: Societal decisions about healthcare and resource distribution involve considerations of mortality.

Psychological impact

Grief and loss: The experience of mortality can evoke profound emotional responses.

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Fear and anxiety: The awareness of mortality can lead to existential anxiety.

Appreciation and gratitude: Recognising mortality can foster appreciation for life.

Conclusion

Mortality is a multifaceted aspect of human existence, influencing how we live, relate, and find meaning. Understanding and acknowledging mortality can prompt deeper reflections on life and our place in the world.

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By Robert Ekow Grimmond-Thompson

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