Fruitful Living
Equality, anti-racism: Humanity as one family (Final part)
THERE is no superiority of an Arab over a non-Arab, nor of a white over a black, except by piety.
This is perhaps one of the earliest and clearest condemnations of racism in history.
Fourteen centuries before the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), the Prophet proclaimed human equality as a divine truth.
The Qur’an confirms:
“O mankind! We created you from a male and a female, and made you into nations and tribes so that you may know one another. Verily, the most honoured of you in the sight of Allah is the most righteous.” (Qur’an 49:13)
Moral lesson and global impact
The farewell sermon’s anti-racist ethos remains revolutionary. It inspired civil rights leaders such as Malcolm X, who after performing Hajj wrote that Islam revealed to him a “spirit of unity that erased colour from the equation of faith.”
In a world struggling with systemic racism, ethnic nationalism, and xenophobia, this prophetic statement offers a moral reset, inviting all humanity to embrace shared origin, purpose, and dignity.
Brotherhood, unity and social responsibility
“Every Muslim is a brother to every other Muslim. Nothing shall be legitimate to a Muslim which belongs to a fellow Muslim unless it was given freely and willingly.”
This principle emphasises social trust, justice, and empathy. The Prophet also said:
“The Muslim is the brother of another Muslim; he does not wrong him, nor forsake him.” (Sahih al-Bukhari)
Moral lesson and modern application
In an age of loneliness, social division, and digital isolation, this call to fraternity is vital. Islam presents society as a moral community (ummah) bound by compassion and justice.
Even for non-Muslims, this principle offers a framework for civic solidarity, a reminder that community welfare depends on mutual care and responsibility.
As Karen Armstrong (2011) argues, “The Farewell Sermon represents a global ethic of compassion, a reminder that empathy is the foundation of civilisation.”
The final guidance: The Qur’an and Sunnah
“I leave behind me two things; if you hold fast to them, you will never go astray: the Book of Allah and my Sunnah.”
The Prophet concluded by entrusting humanity with divine guidance. The Qur’an and Sunnah remain living sources of wisdom — calling to justice, mercy, and humility.
Allah says:
“If you differ in anything among yourselves, refer it to Allah and His Messenger.” (Qur’an 4:59)
Moral lesson for all humanity (Part 4)
The Prophet’s emphasis on divine revelation reminds both Muslims and non-Muslims that moral renewal begins with reconnecting to higher values, such as truth, honesty, justice, and service.
In a time when materialism and moral relativism dominate, the Farewell Sermon calls humanity to re-anchor itself in divine ethics.
The subtle obedience to Shayṭān
The Prophet هيلع هللا ىلص ملسو ’s phrase, “but he is content to be obeyed in smaller matters,” reveals an important truth: Shayṭān rarely begins with major sins. Instead, he seduces believers through minor disobedience and internal division — envy, gossip, backbiting, or neglecting small acts of worship.
Allah says:
“And do not follow the footsteps of Satan. Indeed, he is to you a clear enemy.” (Qur’an 2:168)
Imam al-Ghazālī (d. 1111 CE) explains in Iḥyā’ ‘Ulūm al-Dīn that Shayṭān works “step by step, whispering in the heart until disobedience feels natural and righteousness feels burdensome.” This gradual corruption transforms spiritual negligence into societal decay.
In today’s world, these “smaller matters” may include spreading false information, harbouring prejudice against fellow Muslims, or allowing political or ethnic loyalties to outweigh faith. The Prophet foresaw this danger and warned that Shayṭān thrives wherever believers are distracted by worldly divisions.
How these lessons benefit Muslims and non-Muslims alike
While the sermon emerged from an Islamic context, its principles are universal.
- For Muslims, it serves as a blueprint for faith, governance, and social conduct, urging us to live ethically in every domain.
- For non-Muslims, it offers a shared moral framework, one that transcends creed and culture. Its emphasis on life, equality, justice, and compassion mirrors the ethical teachings of other faiths and philosophies.
In a polarised world of religious intolerance and social fragmentation, the Farewell Sermon is not merely a relic of sacred history; it is a living manifesto of universal moral order.
Summary
The Farewell Sermon of Prophet Muhammad is not just an address to the seventh-century Arabs, it is a moral constitution for all humanity, regardless. Its teachings on the sanctity of life, economic justice, gender equality, anti-racism, and spiritual accountability remain unmatched in relevance.
As Professor Seyyed Hossein Nasr (2015) aptly observes, “It is a universal proclamation of the sacred, calling man to live responsibly as God’s vicegerent on Earth.”
Conclusion and recommendation
The moral decline and divisions of our modern world from inequality and racism to corruption and conflict stem from our collective departure from divine ethics.
The Farewell Sermon reminds humanity that peace is not achieved through power, but through moral conscience, compassion, and justice. Muslims must embody these values daily in our families, communities, and governance systems. Non-Muslims can embrace the universal wisdom of its message fostering empathy, equality, and respect.
Let us all regardless of faith commit to living by this prophetic charter of peace. For when we uphold the sanctity of life, truth, and justice, we fulfill the very purpose of our creation.
Allah said:
“And we have not sent you, O Muhammad, except as a mercy to the worlds.” (Qur’an 21:107)
Thank you.
By Imam Alhaji Saeed Abdulai
Join our WhatsApp Channel now!
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VbBElzjInlqHhl1aTU27
4. Correct the falsehood
If someone misrepresents Muhammad (pbuh), teach people who Muhammad (pbuh) really was.
Tell them about his mercy.
Tell them about his justice.
Tell them about his patience.
Tell them about his forgiveness.
5. Report genuine offences
Use lawful channels.
The Muslim does not become the police, prosecutor, judge and executioner.
6. Protect the innocent
If one Christian insults Islam, do not attack another Christian who knows nothing about it.
If one Muslim makes an offensive statement, do not blame all Muslims.
7. Restore peace
After the controversy, bring responsible Muslim and Christian leaders together.
Talk.
11 | P a g e
Clarify.
Forgive where forgiveness is appropriate.
And rebuild trust.
Ghana must not become a battlefield of religious provocation
My dear brothers and sisters in Islam,
Let us look around Ghana.
Muslims and Christians have lived together for generations.
We have Muslim fathers with Christian in-laws.
Christian mothers with Muslim sons-in-law.
Muslim and Christian business partners.
Muslim and Christian neighbours.
Muslim and Christian classmates.
Muslims and Christians serving together in the military, police, public service, universities, hospitals, markets and businesses.
This is Ghana.
We must protect this peace.
Religious freedom is precious.
But religious freedom comes with religious responsibility.
A microphone is not a weapon.
A pulpit is not a battlefield.
A smartphone is not a licence to spread hatred.
A viral video is not a fatwa (religious decree).
And anger is not evidence.
12 | P a g e
A word to Muslim scholars
To my fellow Imams and Islamic scholars:
Allah has placed a trust upon our shoulders. You are the best of generations selected for the guidance of mankind. Quran chapter 3:110.
When people are angry, we must calm them.
When people are confused, we must educate them.
When people want revenge, we must teach justice.
When people want violence, we must remind them of Allah.
Our microphone should extinguish fire—not pour petrol upon it.
The Prophet said:ِ
لَيْس َ الشَّدِيد ُ بِالصُّرَعَةِ، إِنَّمَا الشَّدِيد ُ الَّذِي يَمْلِك ُ نَفْسَه ُ عِنْد َ الْغَضَب
“The strong man is not the one who can overpower others; rather, the strong man is the one who controls himself when angry.” (Sahih al-Bukhari, 6114; Sahih Muslim, 2609)
This is strength.
Self-control is strength.
Restraint is strength.
Wisdom is strength.
Justice is strength.
A word to Christian preachers
And to our Christian brothers and sisters, especially those who preach:
We Muslims deeply revere Jesus (peace be upon him)
He is not an ordinary man in Islam.
He is ʿĪsā ibn Maryam عليه السالم, a mighty Messenger of Allah.
The author is the Chief Imam of Katamanso Municipal and Certified Counsellor and Governance Expert.
SKIP THE QUEUE, TAP THE NEWS
You can now read the Ghanaian Times and The Spectator newspapers from the comfort of your device via TimesNewsPlus.
Join our WhatsApp Channel: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VbBElzjInlqHhl1aTU27
When Paul tells us that our “attitude should be the same as that of Christ Jesus,” he had summarized in the previous two verses what such an attitude was: selflessness, humility, and service. “Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit, but in humility consider others better than yourselves. Each of you should look not only to your own interests, but also to the interests of others” – Philippians 2:3-4.
In other words, the attitude a Christian should reflect is one that focuses on the needs and interests of others. Without question, that does not come naturally to us. When Christ came into the world, He established a whole new attitude to relationships with others. One day when His disciples were arguing among themselves regarding who was to be greatest in His kingdom, Jesus said, “You know that the rulers of the Gentiles lord it over them, and their high officials exercise authority over them. Not so with you.
Instead, whoever wants to become great among you must be your servant, and whoever wants to be first must be your slave – just as the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many” – Matthew 20:25-28. Jesus is teaching us that, when we become preoccupied with our own things, it can cause conflicts and other problems with people we know. Instead, God wants us to have an attitude of serious, caring involvement in the concerns of others.
Paul speaks more about this Christ-like attitude in his letter to the church in Ephesus: “that you put off, concerning your former conduct, the old man which grows corrupt according to the deceitful lusts, and be renewed in the spirit of your mind, and that you put on the new man which was created according to God, in true righteousness and holiness.– Ephesians 4:22-24. Many religions of today, including the New Age philosophies, promote the old lie that we are divine or that we can become gods. But the truth of the matter is that we will never become God, or even a god. Satan’s oldest lie was promising Adam and Eve that, if they followed his advice, “- and you will be like God, knowing good and evil.” Genesis 3:5, NKJV.
Each time we try to control our circumstances, our future, and the people around us, we’re only demonstrating that we want to be a god. But we must understand that, as creatures, we will never be the Creator. God doesn’t want us to try to become gods. Instead, He wants us to become like Him, taking on His values, His attitudes, and His character. We are meant to “be made new in the attitude of your minds; and to put on the new self, created to be like God in true righteousness and holiness” – Ephesians 4:23-24.
Finally, we must always keep in mind that God’s ultimate goal for His children is not our comfort, but the transformation of our minds into the attitude of godliness. He wants us to grow spiritually, to become like Christ. This doesn’t mean losing our personalities or becoming mindless clones. Christlikeness is all about transforming our minds. Again, Paul tells us, “Do not conform any longer to the pattern of this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind. Then you will be able to test and approve what God’s will is—his good, pleasing and perfect will” – Romans 12:2.
It is God’s will that we develop the kind of mindset described in the Beatitudes of Jesus – Matthew 5:1-12, that we exhibit the fruit of the Spirit – Galatians 5:22-23, that we emulate the principles in Paul’s great chapter on love – 1 Corinthians 13, and that we strive to pattern our lives after Peter’s characteristics of an effective and productive life – 2 Peter 1:5-8.
Establishing our actions in righteousness
Every person is commanded to live up to divine standards.
a. In the words of Jesus
“ For I say to you, that unless your righteousness exceeds the righteousness of the scribes and Pharisees, you will by no means enter the kingdom of heaven. Be ye, therefore, perfect, even as your Father, who is in heaven, is perfect” – Mt. 5:20, 48.
Every person in the world is required to live up to that standard. You say, “You’ve got to be kidding!” No, I’m not. You are obligated to live up to that standard with a pure inside as well as a right outside. But you say, “I can’t!” You are absolutely right. That’s why we are given the solution…
b. In the words of Paul
As it is written: “There is none righteous, no, not one; But now the righteousness of God apart from the law is revealed, being witnessed by the Law and the Prophets, even the righteousness of God, through faith in Jesus Christ, to all and on all who believe. For there is no difference;– Rom. 3:10, 21-22a.
Though you can’t obtain on your own the righteous standard Christ set, you can receive His righteousness if you are one of those who believe. Isn’t that great? God set the holy standard. And when you acknowledge that you can’t live up to it, He says, “My Son is not only the Lawgiver, but He is the Redeemer as well, who makes it possible for you to live on that level.” Beloved, it’s a fantastic thing! The standard is so high we can’t obtain it. But Christ met that standard and imputes to us His righteousness. Oh, what a blessed thing!
SKIP THE QUEUE, TAP THE NEWS
You can now read the Ghanaian Times and The Spectator newspapers from the comfort of your device via TimesNewsPlus.
Join our WhatsApp Channel: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VbBElzjInlqHhl1aTU27
