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 Social and economic implications of divorce  

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 Social Implications

divorce  has social consequences that extend beyond the couple to affect families, communities, and society. The failure of a marriage often leads to a ripple effect that transforms social relationships and societal dynamics (Amato, 2010).

a. Impact on family dynamics

Marital dissolution reshapes fam­ily roles and responsibilities, often resulting in conflicts among family members. Studies indicate that chil­dren often feel torn between parents, leading to strained parent-child rela­tionships (Lansford, 2009). In Ghana, studies have shown that children in divorced families are more prone to behavioural issues, often feeling unsupported and confused (Abane, 2011). Additionally, research sug­gests that parental divorce can lead to long-term emotional instability in children—affecting their ability to form secure attachments and causing relational difficulties that may last well into adulthood (Fagan & Chur­chill, 2012).

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b. Community disruption

When marriages break down, com­munities experience a weakening of social ties. People who are divorced and their children may feel alienated or stigmatised, and thereby become more withdrawn. In the USA, a report by the Institute for Family Studies (Wilcox et al. [2020]) reveals that community-level marriage dissolution correlates with lower community engagement and weaker social bonds. This can contribute to a reduction in collective cohesion, support networks, and social integration—affecting the quality of community life and overall societal well-being (Harkonen, 2014).

c. Children’s social develop­ment

Children of divorced parents commonly struggle with issues such as insecurity, trust, and difficulty building relationships. According to a study conducted in the UK, children belonging to divorcees are 33 per cent more likely to experience anxiety and social withdrawal than those in stable two-parent families (Office for Nation­al Statistics, 2021). Similarly, Nige­rian studies show that children from divorced families mostly struggle with peer relationships, academic perfor­mance, and self-esteem (Olowodu­noye & Ogungbamila, 2013). These social challenges can have lasting impacts, including increased risks of academic and occupational hurdles in adulthood.

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Economic Implications

The economic costs of divorce are both immediate and long-term. They impact individuals and families, and on a larger scale, can influence the economic health of entire societies (Wagner & Weiss, 2006).

a. Financial strain

People’s financial stability can suffer greatly due to divorce. One or both spouses may struggle to cover basic expenses and maintain their pre-divorce lifestyle. Studies from the USA show that, on average, divorce can shrink household income by 15-40 per cent due to legal fees, asset divi­sion, and shifts in living arrangements (Amato, 2014). In Ghana, research suggests that divorced women, in par­ticular, face financial hardship, with many relying on extended family sup­port (Osei-Hwedie & Mwansa, 2007). Moreover, divorce in Nigeria sub­stantially changes financial security, especially for women who lack legal protection for property or financial rights (Isiugo-Abanihe, 2005).

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b. Impact on career and pro­ductivity

Marriage dissolution can alter work productivity and career growth. A study conducted by the United Kingdom’s Marriage Foundation (2019) revealed that individuals undergoing divorce tend to encounter a tempo­rary drop in work performance, with a reported 20 per cent increase in sick days among recently divorced employees. Career disruption not only influences personal financial stability but can also minimise overall work­force efficiency, with consequences for national economic output (Vignoli et al., 2018).

c. Economic burden on society

The economic consequence of divorce extends beyond the individu­als involved, placing a financial strain on public resources. A report from the Institute of Economic Affairs (2016) found that family breakdown costs the UK economy approximately £48 billion annually in welfare and support programmes, with similar patterns ob­served in the USA (Thomas & Sawhill, 2002). Divorce-related economic challenges normally require govern­ment intervention in the form of so­cial welfare, housing assistance, and other public benefits, making family dysfunction an economic burden on society (Vignoli et al., 2018).

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To be continued …

Source: Excerpts from ‘Preparing for a Happy and Fulfilling Marriage’ Book by REV. COUNSELOR PRINCE OFFEI (Psychotherapist, Lecturer, and Marriage Therapist). https:// counselorprinceass.wixsite.com/ edu-counseling-psych

https://princeoffei22.wixsite. com/website-psychologist

https://princeoffei22.wixsite. com/website

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COUNSELOR PRINCE & ASSOCI­ATES CONSULT (CPAC COUNSELLOR TRAINING INSTITUTE)

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…Parent tips for managing child behaviour at home

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Raising children is one of the toughest and most fulfilling jobs in the world and the one for which you might feel the least prepared.

Here are some child-rearing tips that can help you feel more fulfilled continued from last week.

3. Set limits and be consistent with your discipline

Discipline is necessary in every household. The goal of discipline is to help children choose acceptable behaviors and learn self-control. They may test the limits established for them, but they need those limits to grow into responsible adults.

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Establishing house rules helps kids understand your expectations and develop self-control. Some rules might include: no TV until homework is done, and no hitting, name-calling, or hurtful teasing allowed.

A common mistake parents make is not following through with consequences. You cannot discipline children for talking back one day and ignore it the next. Being consistent teaches what you expect.

4. Make time for your kids

It is often hard for parents and kids to get together for a family meal, let alone spend quality time together. But there is probably nothing children would like more.

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Get up 10 minutes earlier in the morning so you can eat breakfast with your child or leave the dishes in the sink and take a walk after dinner children who are not getting the attention they want from their parents often act out or misbehave because they are sure to be noticed that way.

5. Be a good role model

Young children learn a lot about how to act by watching their parents. The younger they are, the more cues they take from you. Before you lash out or blow your top in front of your child, think about this: Is that how you want your child to behave when angry? Be aware that you are constantly being watched by your kids. Studies have shown that children who hit usually have a role model for aggression at home.

Model the traits you wish to see in your children: respect, friendliness, honesty, kindness, tolerance. Exhibit unselfish behaviour. Do things for other people without expecting a reward. Express thanks and offer compliments. Above all, treat your kids the way you expect other people to treat you.

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6. Make communication a priority

You cannot expect children to do everything simply because you, as a parent, “say so.” They want and deserve explanations as much as adults do. If we do not take time to explain, children will begin to wonder about our values and motives and whether they have any basis. Parents who reason with their kids allow them to understand and learn in a nonjudgmental way.

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Beyond the vibes: How excessive partying, socialising can break a home

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Weekly clubbing, bottles, fuel, and contributions drain family budgets

Friendship is a gift. Laughter with friends, weekend “vibes,” and social connections keep us human. But what happens when the club, the chop bar, the “girls’ night,” or the “boys’ hangout” becomes more important than the home you promised to build?

As a marriage counsellor, I meet couples who do not fight about money or in-laws. They fight about time. One partner says, “You’re always out.” The other says, “You’re just boring and controlling.” Behind those words is a painful truth: Excessive partying and socialising can become emotional infidelity — not with a person, but with a lifestyle.

Research from the Journal of Marriage and Family shows that couples who spend less than five hours of focused time together weekly report higher dissatisfaction, lower intimacy, and increased risk of separation. The issue is not social life. The issue is imbalance.

This article is for every husband, wife, fiancé, and fiancée who feels lonely in a marriage full of people. Beyond the vibes is a home that needs you.

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7 ways excessive partying and socialising break a marriage

1. Emotional neglect becomes normal

Marriage thrives on daily connection — a 10-minute talk, shared meals, checking in after a hard day. When one partner is always out, the other learns to stop sharing. Over time, “How was your day?” feels pointless because the answer is always, “You weren’t there.”

Emotional neglect is silent, but it kills intimacy faster than shouting.

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2. Trust erodes in the absence

Constant nights out, unanswered calls, “I forgot my phone,” and coming home late create suspicion. Even if there is no cheating, the marriage becomes policed by fear. The sober spouse starts checking phones, counting money, and living with anxiety. Trust grows in presence, not absence.

3. Parenting becomes one-person work

When one partner is always socialising, childcare, homework, and bedtime stories fall on one person. Resentment grows: “I’m married, but I’m parenting alone.” Children also notice which parent is absent. They learn that home is not the priority.

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4. Financial strain and broken priorities

Weekly clubbing, bottles, fuel, and “contributions” drain family budgets. School fees are delayed, rent is late, but there’s always money for “vibes.” This creates a second crisis: financial conflict. The message sent is, “Friends get my best money; family gets my leftovers.”

5. Intimacy and sex life die

You cannot build romance in 10 minutes before sleep. Excessive nights out mean couples stop touching, talking deeply, and laughing together. The bedroom becomes cold. Over time, couples become roommates who share a surname but not a life.

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6. “We” becomes “me”

Marriage is a team. But when decisions, weekends, and identity are centered on friends, the marriage loses its “we.” The social partner says, “My boys are planning a trip,” not “Let’s plan as a family.” The other spouse feels like an outsider in their own home.

7. Mental health declines for both partners The partner at home feels abandoned, depressed, and less valuable. The partner always out feels guilty, defensive, and addicted to external validation. Both end up emotionally exhausted. Studies show that social isolation within marriage increases depression risk for both spouses, even when one is socially overactive

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