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Tooth erosion: Understanding causes, symptoms and treatment options

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 Tooth erosion, also known as dental erosion, is a common dental problem that affects millions of people worldwide.

It occurs when the enamel on your teeth wears away, expos­ing the underlying dentin and causing sensitivity, pain, and increased risk of cavities.

In this article, we will delve into the causes, symptoms, and treatment options of tooth erosion, as well as provide tips on how to prevent it.

What is tooth erosion?

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Tooth erosion is a type of tooth wear that occurs when the enamel on your teeth is worn away by acid. The enam­el is the hard, outer layer of your teeth that protects them from decay and damage. When the enamel is worn away, the underlying dentin is exposed, causing sensitivity and pain.

Causes of tooth erosion

There are several causes of tooth erosion, including:

  1. Acidic foods and drinks: Con­suming foods and drinks with high acidity, such as citrus fruits, soda, and sports drinks, can erode tooth enamel.
  2. Gastroesophageal reflux dis­ease (GERD): Stomach acid can flow up into the mouth and erode teeth.
  3. Bulimia: Frequent vomiting can expose teeth to stomach acid.
  4. Dry mouth: Reduced saliva flow can make teeth more susceptible to erosion.
  5. Genetics: Some people may be more prone to tooth ero­sion due to genetic factors.
  6. Medications: Certain med­ications, such as antihista­mines and decongestants, can reduce saliva flow and increase the risk of tooth erosion.
  7. Environmental factors: Expo­sure to acid rain, swimming in acidic pools, and work­ing in acidic environments can all contribute to tooth erosion.

Symptoms of tooth erosion

The symptoms of tooth erosion can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Common symptoms include:

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  1. Tooth sensitivity: Pain or discomfort when consuming hot, cold, or sweet foods and drinks.
  2. Tooth discolouration: Yellow­ing or browning of teeth.
  3. Rounded teeth: Teeth may appear worn or rounded.
  4. Dentin exposure: Visible dentin, which can appear as small dents or holes.
  5. Tooth pain: Pain or discom­fort when biting or chewing.

Treatment options for tooth erosion

The treatment options for tooth erosion depend on the severity of the condition. Com­mon treatment options include:

  1. Fluoride treatment: Fluoride can help strengthen tooth enamel and reduce sensi­tivity.
  2. Desensitising toothpaste: Using toothpaste specifically designed for sensitive teeth can help alleviate symp­toms.
  3. Dental bonding: A tooth-co­loured resin can be applied to the affected tooth to protect it and improve its appearance.
  4. Crowns: In severe cases of tooth erosion, a crown may be necessary to protect the tooth and restore its func­tion.
  5. Dental implants: In cases where the tooth is severely damaged, a dental implant may be necessary to replace the tooth.

Prevention Tips

Preventing tooth erosion is easier than treating it. Here are some tips to help you prevent tooth erosion:

  1. Practise good oral hygiene: Brush your teeth gently with fluoride toothpaste and clean between your teeth once a day.
  2. Avoid acidic foods and drinks: Limit or avoid consumption of acidic foods and drinks.
  3. Use a straw: When con­suming acidic drinks, use a straw to minimise contact with your teeth.
  4. Visit your dentist regularly: Regular check-ups can help identify and treat tooth erosion early.
  5. Chew sugar-free gum: Chewing sugar-free gum can stimulate saliva pro­duction, which can help neutralise acid and remin­eralise teeth.

Conclusion

Tooth erosion is a common dental problem that can cause sensitivity, pain, and increased risk of cavities.

By understanding the caus­es, symptoms, and treatment options, you can take steps to prevent tooth erosion and main­tain good oral health.

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Remember to practise good oral hygiene, avoid acidic foods and drinks, and visit your den­tist regularly to keep your teeth strong and healthy.

By Robert Ekow Grimmond-Thompson

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Female bodies for sale

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A man and a woman walking together

It is still the contention of my uncle, Kofi Jogolo, that the moment God created woman, He created a big problem for man. If not, why would man always have to trim his moustache in such a way as to please woman and not himself? And why would a man’s holy organ keep nodding like an agama lizard just because there is a creation called woman?

Sikaman Palava
Sikaman Palava

Sir Kofi Jogolo whose moustache deserves both a national award and mention in the Guinness Book of Records for its stylish variations, told me recently that when you marry, you have palaver; if you don’t marry, you have wahala. All because of woman. I think the bloke is a reincarnation of Paul. Only he looks like Peter.

For those who do not marry, they may be free of marital problems, but might be in sexual bondage, because at dawn, a certain part of the body might nod in distress. It is a wonderful part of the human body that smiles with joy when a woman is lying within arm’s length.

The unmarried may not have to wait until dawn, though. After all, who says you can satisfy a sexual need only at dawn? If there is no girlfriend, there is still a way out. FEMALE BODIES FOR SALE! You only have to ask, “How much?” Sometimes it is worth the price of only two balls of kenkey.

It is for this reason that some people do not discourage women from practising prostitution because they claim the women play a vital role in national development. According to them, first, the nation cannot develop when the citizens are sex-starved. Second, they claim prostitution keeps down figures of rape cases since it is due to the scarcity of female bodies that the incidence of rape is rising.

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Well, some people really adore prostitutes. With them you don’t have to worry about pregnancy. Moreover, you can skip foreplay which many people don’t have the patience for because of their high sexual temperature, or because they consider it a waste of time. And when you pay well, you can enjoy the style you want.

In actual fact, some married men also go in for prostitutes once in a while. They claim that prostitutes do not complain in bed like their wives. When you ask them to raise a leg, they comply without argument.

They also say prostitutes who are experienced can really work on certain parts of your body enough to make you blaspheme. Holy Jesus! The difference is clear then that with prostitutes you pay for the service but with wives it is for free, meaning that the quality of service must differ accordingly.

Many men also say they prefer prostitutes to girlfriends because of “back-pocket palaver”. It is their contention that with girlfriends you have to specialise in telling lies about your credit worthiness especially when you’re not only a human being but also a church mouse.

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Sometimes you have to buy beer and gin because some girlfriends would not like to have sex unless they are properly soaked in booze. You also have to sing them lullabies and recite poetry to turn them on. Ask Devine Ankamah. That’s not all. When all is finished, you have to dish transport money, and if you’re not lucky she’d ask you to settle a “carry forward” you had planned to dodge.

So for just two probably lousy rounds of enjoyment, you’d spend some ¢15,000 if hotel services are included, unless you choose a hotel room where cockroaches and rats don’t practise family planning.

There are those who believe that with prostitutes, you don’t have to tell lies. It is purely business. No credit, no debit. Money na hand back na ground. When you are through and refuse to pay, she’ll cause a scene, scratch your face red and drag your butt onto the street. Next time you don’t have money, you stick to your wife or girlfriend or to your sorrows.

Prostitution in Sikaman is widespread. News reaching Palava have it that in the Obuasi area, it is the major occupation of females. They are in lucrative business. They come from all over the country -Bolga, Tamale, Kumasi, Sunyani, Accra, Odumase, wherever. A few are said to have come from Lagos in full gear.

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When they all come, they sometimes don’t do so with only their bodies and luggage. They also carry with them something small in the form of a disease called AIDS which they distribute free of charge.

So why Obuasi? Gold! The great successes of Ashanti Goldfields combined with the notoriety and boom of galamsey activities have acted as a magnet, drawing in those who peddle their bodies for cash. No cheques!

Sometime back, it was reported that AIDS cases in the Obuasi area had soared. The reason, prostitution. Obuasi prostitutes are, however, of class. They dress to kill. Some speak even more languages, so if you’re a client and you speak even in tongues, they understand. And they drink beer exactly like Germans.

So what really are we doing about these prostitutes who, some say are contributing to national development and others say are enhancing national obituary?

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Sikaman Palava has said it once that the law enforcement agencies have tried time and again to rid them off the streets. They have always failed in doing so. The problem is that they are as slippery as the cockroach. When harassed, they disappear and practise all the same. If caught, they are fined and the next day they are firmly at post.

Some people say because we can’t get rid of them, we must neither encourage nor discourage them. We must find a way of organising them into co-operatives under the name of “SPECIAL HUMAN SERVICES.”

They’d undergo medical screening and those with AIDS banned from practising. The rest would undergo a course in the cause, prevention and cure of sexually-transmitted diseases, personal hygiene, condom use and the healthful ways of practising prostitution.

Then they can be let loose to practise under laid-down rules and regulations and their income taxed.

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That way, the prostitutes would be more beneficial to society and would not be the problem we see them to be.

 This article was first published on Saturday June 29, 1996

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The right mindset is everything

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This year June and part of July, is an enjoyable season for football lovers due to the World Cup which is held every four years.  The World Cup is such a huge event and also very prestigious so it is highly competitive. 

Countries registered with the Federation of International Football Association, (FIFA) become automatic members.  FIFA organises tournaments on the five continents of the world, to enable countries to be selected to play in the World Cup competition. 

Governments support their national teams to ensure qualification to the World Cup due to the prestigious nature of the tournament.  Certain countries even go to the extent of renting a place of their choice, instead of the accommodation provided by FIFA, to ensure that they win the ultimate crown, as Germany did in the 2014 tournament in Brazil. 

Mental strength a requisite for emerging victorious in football matches at such high professional level and everything must be done to endure that players are focused on the matches ahead of them.

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There is however, a peculiar situation in this year’s World Cup, where it is being hosted by three countries namely the United States of America, Mexico and Canada and where one of the host countries, is at war with one of the competing countries. 

The United States of America, is waging a war against Iran.  The US has prevented Iran from staying in the US where they were originally scheduled by FIFA to play their matches.  The US using its power as the host country, has refused to let Iran to stay and FIFA has provided a place in Mexico for the Iranian team to stay.  They have to spend about five hours to fly to the US and prepare to get ready for their matches, each match day. 

They are also forced to leave the US as soon as they finish playing their matches, without resting.  Despite this inhumane treatment being forced on them by the USA, the Iranian team is mentally strong and have managed to draw their two matches played.  

This is a clear manifestation of mental toughness, resulting from having the right mindset.

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Life has a way of often dealing bad cards to a lot of people but it is important that when it happens like that, you look at what you can do with what you have, to still achieve the goals you have set for yourself.

 There is a saying that when life throws you a lemon you make lemonade out of it.  The barriers confronting you might be great, but it is the attitude you display that makes the difference. 

The Iranians have really shown that the right mindset is indeed everything you need to be successful.  They looked at their situation and assessed what was not going in their favour and found appropriate steps to address it. 

Given the teams Iran was to play, the challenge was indeed huge, given the circumstances they found themselves in, but the right mindset to never give up, did the trick for them.

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As human beings, we are always confronted with challenges, right from the day we start to crawl, the day we take our first steps and as we continue to grow into adulthood.  Challenges are part of our daily lives and we must therefore condition our minds, that we shall encounter them and so must constantly be innovative in overcoming them, when we encounter them. 

We need as a country, to develop a critical thinking skill capabilities in our youth, as an investment in the future fortunes of this country.  Developing the right mindset, will enable us overcome every challenge.  God bless.

By Laud Kissi-Mensah

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